软枣猕猴桃种质资源表型性状的数量分类研究  

Numerical Classification of Actinidia arguta Planch Germplasm Resources According Phenotypic Characters

作　　者：王东来[1] 周文杰[1] 姚平[1] 赵凤军[1] 黄国辉[1] WANG Donglai;ZHOU Wenjie;YAO Ping;ZHAO Fengjun;HUANG Guohui(Institute of Advanced Characteristic Agriculture Studies,Liaodong University/Key Laboratory of Blueberry Breeding and Postharvest Handling,Liaoning Province/Innovation Cooperation Center of Blueberry Industry of Liaodong,Dandong,Liaoning 118003)

机构地区：[1]辽东学院现代特色农业研究院,辽宁省蓝莓新品种育种与采后处理重点实验室,辽东地区蓝莓产业协同创新中心,辽宁丹东118003

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第10期33-40,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范资金资助项目(辽[2018]TG15号);辽宁省重点研发计划资助项目(2020JH2/10200044)。

摘　　要：以收集自我国东北地区的24份软枣猕猴桃种质资源为试材,采用Q型聚类分析、R型聚类分析和主成分分析的方法,对叶片特征、芽和枝条特征、花和果实特征等31个表型性状(其中二元质量性状1个,多元质量性状10个,数量性状20个)进行研究,深入探讨软枣猕猴桃资源亲缘关系与表型性状间关系,以期为软枣猕猴桃资源的开发利用提供参考依据。结果表明:20个数量性状中,单果质量变异系数最大为44.22%,花直径变异系数最小为7.38%。R型聚类将31个表型性状在平方欧式距离17.21处聚为4类,其中萼洼形状与其它性状距离较远;Q型聚类将24份软枣猕猴桃资源在平方欧式距离20.08处聚为4类,叶片长、叶片宽、叶片厚、叶柄长度等性状可作为区分软枣猕猴桃不同类别的重要指标;主成分分析对24份软枣猕猴桃资源分类结果与Q型聚类结果类似,将叶片长、果肉性状、叶片厚、节间长度等性状作为区分软枣猕猴桃不同类别的重要指标。综上,软枣猕猴桃的表型性状存在丰富的多样性,果实纵径等14个表型性状对分类起重要作用。Twenty-four germplasm of Actinidia arguta Planch collected from Northeast China were used as materials.Q type cluster,R type cluster and principal component analysis were performed.The leaf characters,buds and shoots characters,flower and fruit characters were investigated.Among the 31phenotypic traits,there were 1qualitative binary character,10multivariate quality characters and 20qualitative polymorphic characters.The further relationship between Actinidia arguta Planch germplasm resources and phenotypic characters were explored,in order to provide reference for the development and utilization of Actinidia arguta Planch germplasm resources.The results showed that among 20numerical characters,the single fruit weight was the largest and the coefficient of variation was 44.22%,and the smallest coefficient of variation of the flower diameter was 7.38%.The result of R cluster analysis showed that 31phenotypic characters were divided into four groups at the squared euclidean distance of 17.21,of which the shape of the calyx shape was far away from other characters.The result of Q cluster analysis showed that 24 Actinidia arguta Planch germplasm resources were divided into four groups at the square euclidean distance of 20.08.Phenotypic characters such as leaf length,leaf width,leaf thick and petiole length could be used as important indexes to distinguish different types of Actinidia arguta Planch.Classification results of 24 Actinidia arguta Planch germplasm resources by principal component analysis was similar to the results of Q cluster analysis.Phenotypic characters such as leaf length,the traits of fruit,leaf thick and internode length could be used as important indexes to distinguish different types of Actinidia arguta Planch.In summary,there were abundant phenotypic characters in Actinidia arguta Planch.14phenotypic characters such as fruit longitudinal diameter played an important role in the numerical classification.

关 键 词：软枣猕猴桃 表型性状 数量分类 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]