健康与肠炎雌、雄灰海马不同部位营养及功能性组分比较  

A comparative analysis of nutritional components and bio-functional composition in healthy and enteritis diseased Hippocampus erectus

作　　者：李雪玲 张东[2] 李思平 林听听[2] 刘鑫[2] LI Xueling;ZHANG Dong;LI Siping;LIN Tingting;LIU Xin(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fishery Sciences Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业农村部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第2期228-241,共14页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(2019ZY12,2019M07)。

摘　　要：为探究不同状态海马营养及功能性组分的异同及分布规律,以灰海马(Hippocampus erectus)为研究对象,比较分析了健康和肠炎、雌和雄灰海马头部和躯干的基本营养成分(水分、灰分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪)、营养成分(氨基酸、脂肪酸和两种最重要的微量元素锌、硒)和功能性组分(核苷、核苷酸和胆甾醇)含量的异同。结果显示:1)灰海马粗蛋白质量分数为61.09%~70.52%,粗脂肪质量分数为0.95%~3.90%;健康与肠炎海马、雌海马与雄海马粗脂肪、粗蛋白含量均无显著差异,海马头部粗脂肪、粗蛋白含量均显著低于躯干,灰分则反之。2)灰海马含有17种氨基酸,其中7种为必需氨基酸,第一限制性氨基酸为异亮氨酸。甘氨酸、胱氨酸、蛋氨酸和脯氨酸不同健康状态、性别和部位间均无显著差异,其余13种氨基酸则是在不同健康状况和不同性别海马间无显著差异、但躯干含量显著高于头部。3)灰海马体内共检出22种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid,SFA)含量最高,单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acid,MUFA)次之,多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acid,PUFA)含量最低。灰海马含有丰富的油酸(C18∶1n9c)和二十二碳六烯酸(docose hexaenoie acid,DHA)等具有重要生理活性的不饱和脂肪酸,脂肪酸含量均符合理想脂肪酸的标准(PUFA/SFA>0.4)。不同健康状态和不同性别海马脂肪酸含量无显著差异,除二十四烷酸(C24∶0)和芥酸(C22∶1n9)头部与躯干无显著差异外,其余脂肪酸头部含量均显著低于躯干。4)灰海马头部硒含量(0.88~0.95 mg·kg^(-1))显著低于躯干(1.16~1.32 mg·kg^(-1)),锌则无显著差异。5)灰海马体内共检测到2种核苷酸和6种核苷,其中尿嘧啶核苷雄海马显著高于雌海马,次黄嘌呤核苷酸含量雌海马高于雄海马。腺嘌呤核苷酸、鸟嘌呤核苷和胸腺嘧啶核苷含量头部显著高于躯干。此外,海马体内还含有大量的具�To better utilize seahorse as traditional Chinese medicine,we evaluated the nutritional value of lined seahorse(Hippocampus erectus)by analyzing and comparing the nutritional components(including amino acids,fatty acids,and two trace elements Zn and Se)and bio-functional components(including nucleosides,nucleotides,and cholesterols)of healthy and enteritis diseased individuals,the female and male,as well as in its head and body.Results showed that:1)The crude protein(on a dry mass basis)of Hippocampus erectus averaged at 61.09%-70.52%,and the crude fat(on a dry mass basis)was relatively lower with an average of 0.95%-3.90%.The crude fat and crude protein in the head of Hippocampus erectus were lower than those in the trunk,while ash content was diametrically different;2)Hippocampus erectus contained a variety of amino acids,including seven essential amino acids.We also that found the first limited amino acid was isoleucine.The contents of glycine,cysteine,methionine and proline had no significant difference between healthy and diseased individuals,between the male and female,and between the body parts.The contents of the remaining 13 amino acids did not differ significantly between the healthy and diseased individuals,between the male and female,but the contents in the trunk were significantly higher than those in the head;3)twenty-two fatty acids were detected in the seahorse,and the contents of saturated fatty acids(SFA),monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA),and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)ranked as the order,and met the ideal fatty acid profile(PUFA/SFA ratio>0.4).Hippocampus erectus was rich with oleic acid and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),which were unsaturated fatty acids with important physiological activities.The male and female,as well as healthy and diseased individuals were similar in fatty acid content.With the exception of C24∶0 and C22∶1n9,the contents of fatty acids in the head were significantly lower than those of the trunk;4)Se content in the head(0.88-0.95 mg·kg^(-1))of Hippocampus erectus w

关 键 词：灰海马 营养成分 功能性组分 肠炎 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]