基于星点图椭圆度分布的光学系统装配误差计算方法  

Misalignments calculation method for optical systems based on the ellipticity distribution of stellar image

作　　者：吴伟 罗自荣 杨慧哲 曹玉君 尚建忠[1] Wu Wei;Luo Zirong;Yang Huizhe;Cao Yujun;Shang Jianzhong(College of Intelligence and Science,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;Academy of Hi-Tech Research,Hunan Institute of Traffic Engineering,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学智能科学学院,湖南长沙410073 [2]国防科技大学前沿交叉学科学院,湖南长沙410073 [3]湖南交通工程学院高科技研究院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2022年第5期307-315,共9页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675527);湖南省自然科学基金(2020JJ4279)。

摘　　要：计算机辅助装调技术的出现大大降低了光学系统装调的难度,但是目前提出的大部分装配误差计算方法都基于波像差系数,在应用过程中还需要额外的波前传感器。基于星点图在不同视场中的椭圆度分布,提出了一种不依赖于波前传感器的装配误差计算方法,该方法只需要CCD或CMOS等图像传感器即可实现光学系统的装配误差计算。基于矢量像差理论推导了该方法的理论基础,采用椭圆度参数量化了装配误差对星点图的影响规律,揭示了椭圆度分布与装配误差之间的非线性函数关系,在此基础上,以多视场下的星点图椭圆度分布为优化目标,将光学系统的装配误差求解问题转化成多目标优化问题,可通过智能优化算法进行求解。以Hilbert两反式光学系统为例,基于三个视场的椭圆度分布计算次镜的四个侧向装配误差,仿真结果表明该方法的计算精度可达微米级,满足实际装调需求,验证了该方法的正确性,对促进计算机辅助装调技术的工程化应用具有重要意义。Computer aided alignment(CAA)plays an important role in the assembly of optical systems.However,most proposed CAA methods are based on wavefront aberrations,which need the aid of an additional high precision wavefront sensor(WFS).Based on the ellipticity distribution of stellar image in different fields of view(FOVs),a misalignments calculation method for aligning optical systems efficiently without WFSs was proposed,which only needed an image sensor such as CCD/CMOS.Based on the nodal aberration theory,the theoretical basis of the proposed method was introduced and the ellipticity distribution of stellar image under the effect of misalignments and FOVs was analyzed,which revealed the essence of the proposed method.The ellipticity distribution could be expressed as a function of misalignments,just like the wavefront aberrations.Based on those,the process of misalignments calculation for optical systems was established and it turned to be a multi-objective optimization problem which could be solved by optimization algorithms.The method was tested in Hilbert telescope,which was a typical two-mirror optical system,and four lateral misalignments were used to be calculated according to the ellipticity distribution in three FOVs.The simulation results show that the precision of misalignments calculation can reach up to micron level and verify the correctness of the proposed method,which can promote the application of CAA and provide new insights for non-WFS optical alignment.

关 键 词：计算机辅助装调 装配误差计算 星点图 椭圆度 

分 类 号：TH743[机械工程—光学工程]