《伤寒论》药物炮制方法  

On Processing Methods of Drugs in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases

作　　者：范海洲 范丝雨 FAN Hai-zhou;FAN Si-yu(Xiaogan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xiaogan,Hubei,China,432099;Hubei Polytechnic Institute,Xiaogan,Hubei,China,432099)

机构地区：[1]孝感市中医医院,湖北孝感432099 [2]湖北职业技术学院,湖北孝感432099

出　　处：《河南中医》2022年第8期1139-1142,共4页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：《伤寒论》中,炮制方法有净制法、切制法、水制法、火制法、水火共治法及其他治法,净制法包含“去皮”“去心”“去翅足”“去节”“去皮尖”“去核”;切制法包含“擘”“[口父]咀”“捣”“破”“切”“碎”;水制法包含“水洗”“酒洗”“渍”;火制法包含“炮”“炙”“熬”。炮制法有利于药物有效成分的煎出,可降低或消除药物的毒副作用,改变或缓和药物的性能,增强药物疗效,改变或增强药物作用的趋向和部位,便于调剂和制剂,确保药物洁净,利于储藏保管,有利于服用。《伤寒论》虽未形成系统的炮制理论,但针对药物不同的特性形成了比较规范的炮制方法并沿用至今,对有毒中药提出了许多切实可行且临床有效的减轻或消除毒性的炮制方法,为其他医者炮制使用有毒中药提供了借鉴和参考。In Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases,the processing methods include purifying processing,slicing processing,water processing,fire processing,water-fire processing and other methods.The purifying processing includes "removing the peel" "removing the heart" "removing the wings and feet" "removing the joints" "removing the skin and tips" and "removing the core".The slicing processing includes "chopping" "cutting" "smashing" "tattering" "slicing" and "breaking".The water processing includes "water washing" "wine washing" and "soaking".The fire processing includes "stir-baking at high temperature" "stir-baking with fluid adjuvant" and "simmering".The processing method is conducive to decocting the effective components of the drugs,reducing or eliminating the toxic and side effects of the drugs,changing or alleviating the properties of the drugs,enhancing the curative effect of the drugs,changing or enhancing the trend and position of the drugs,facilitating the dispensing and preparation,ensuring the cleanness of the drugs,facilitating the storage and taking.Although Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases has not formed a systematic processing theory,it has formed some relatively standardized processing methods according to the different characteristics of drugs,which have been used up to now.It has put forward many practical and clinically effective processing methods to reduce or eliminate the toxicity of toxic Chinese medicinals,providing reference for other doctors to process and use toxic Chinese medicinals in the future.

关 键 词：《伤寒论》 炮制法 净制法 切制法 水制法 火制法 水火共治法 张仲景 

分 类 号：R222.2[医药卫生—中医基础理论]