TiN与DLC涂层在船用低速柴油机柱塞上的应用研究  

Application Research on TiN and DLC Coatings on Plunger for Low-Speed Marine Diesel Engine

作　　者：钟航 王永坤 秦洪 杨静 刘惠娥 刘承建 涂天华 陈超 宁伟超 苏永要[3] ZHONG Hang;WANG Yong-kun;QIN Hong;YANG Jing;LIU Hui'e;LIU Cheng-jian;TU Tian-hua;CHEN Chao;NING Wei-chao;SU Yong-yao(Chongqing Hongjiang Machinery Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 402160,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Marine Power System,Chongqing 402160,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences,Chongqing 402160,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆红江机械有限责任公司,重庆402160 [2]船舶与海洋工程动力系统国家工程实验室,重庆402160 [3]重庆文理学院材料科学与工程学院,重庆402160

出　　处：《材料保护》2022年第5期29-34,56,共7页Materials Protection

基　　金：工信部“高技术船舶科研计划——船用低速机工程(一期)”(船工科[2017]21号);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项(cstc2019jscx-fxydX0046)资助。

摘　　要：为提高船用低速柴油机柱塞的耐磨性和柱塞偶件使用寿命,采用离子镀技术与多弧磁控耦合镀膜技术分别在柱塞上涂覆了TiN涂层和DLC涂层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、轮廓仪和X射线衍射仪(XRD)技术表征了TiN与DLC涂层的微观形貌、表面粗糙度及物相组成,采用纳米压痕仪检测了TiN与DLC涂层的纳米硬度及弹性模量;运用划痕法和压痕法测试了TiN和DLC涂层的结合力,通过往复磨损试验考察了这2种涂层在空气中与在重柴油环境下的摩擦系数,同时结合光学显微镜定性评判TiN和DLC涂层磨损程度,通过台架试验评价了TiN涂层与DLC涂层柱塞的实际磨损情况。结果表明:这2种涂层晶体生长良好、结构连续致密,均未出现分层、开裂及剥离的现象,DLC涂层相对光滑,粗糙度R;为0.10μm,而TiN涂层R;为0.16μm;DLC涂层表面纳米硬度、弹性模量及泊松比均高于TiN涂层;无论在空气中还是重油环境下,TiN涂层摩擦系数均高于DLC涂层,耐磨性低于DLC涂层;台架试验后TiN涂层柱塞表面出现比较明显的平行状沟槽磨痕,而且整体磨损比较严重,而DLC涂层柱塞表面的磨痕非常窄并且浅,不易被发现,进一步证明DLC的耐磨损性能更优越。In order to improve the wear resistance of plunger and the service life of plunger assembly for low-speed marine diesel engine, TiN and DLC coatings were prepared on plunger by ion-plating technology and multiple arc magnetron coupling coating technology respectively. SEM, optical profiler and XRD were used to characterize the micro-morphology, surface roughness and phase composition of TiN and DLC coatings, and nano indentation instrument was employed to detect the nano-hardness and elastic modulus of such coatings. In addtion, the scratch and indentation methods were used to test the binding force of the coatings. And the friction coefficients of such coatings in the air and under the environment of heavy diesel oil were investigated through the reciprocating wear test. Then, the wear degrees of those coatings were qualitatively evaluated with the help of a optical microscope. Furthermore, a bench test was adopted to evaluate the actual wear situation of the coated plunger. Results showed that the crystals of two coatings grew well, and their structures were continuous and dense, and there was no stratification, cracking or peeling phenomenon. The DLC coating was relatively smooth and the roughness R;was about 0.10 μm, while the TiN coating R;was 0.16 μm. The nano-hardness, elastic modulus and poisson ratio of DLC coating were higher than those of the TiN coating. No matter in dry friction or heavy oil friction,the friction coefficient of TiN coating was higher than that of DLC coating,and the wear resistance of TiN coating was lower than that of DLC coating. After the bench test,relatively obvious parallel grooving wear marks appeared on the plunger with TiN coating,and the overall wear was relatively serious,while the wear marks on the plunger with DLC coating were narrow and shallow that not easy to find,further proving that the wear resistance of DLC was superior.

关 键 词：船用低速柴油机 离子镀 磁控溅射 TIN涂层 DLC涂层 摩擦磨损 润滑涂层 

分 类 号：TG174.444[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]