“大数据时代”下慢性病防控新模式的研究进展  

Recent Advances in Models Using Big Data Techniques for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases

作　　者：解夕黎 孙明 贾雯涵 皮静波[2] 马亚楠 XIE Xili;SUN Ming;JIA Wenhan;PI Jingbo;MA Yanan(Department of Health Statistics,School of Public Health,China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China;Program of Environmental Toxicology,School of Public Health,China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室,辽宁省沈阳市110122 [2]中国医科大学公共卫生学院环境毒理学教研室,辽宁省沈阳市110122

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2022年第22期2811-2814,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1311600);国家自然科学基金面上项目(72074221);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC2007006)。

摘　　要：我国慢性非传染性疾病防控仍面临慢性病患病率持续上升、患者防治依从性差及个体化诊疗开展率偏低等挑战。“大数据时代”的到来为突破慢性病防控“瓶颈”、解决慢性病防控中的突出问题提供了创新模式。本文简述了“大数据”的概念与特征,概述了“大数据”对慢性病防控的重要意义,并结合“大数据”在国内外慢性病防控中的应用情况,介绍了将“大数据”运用于慢性病风险预测及慢性病防控平台建设所取得的效果。在此基础上,通过对现有基于“大数据”的慢性病风险预测模型及慢性病防控平台的优势与局限性进行梳理,提出有助于提高模型解释力和优化平台建设的建议,旨在为智能化慢性病防控工作的深入开展提供参考与依据。Currently,increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases(NCDs),poor patient compliance,and scarcity of personalised diagnosis and treatment are still the primary challenges for the prevention and control of NCDs in China.The arrival of era of big data provides supports for establishing new models to unblock the bottlenecks and solve the prominent problems in NCDs containment.We briefly introduced the concept and characteristics of big data,outlined its importance in the prevention and control of NCDs,and analysed current applications of big data technique-based models in containing NCDs as well as the achievements in the construction of platforms for NCDs risk prediction and containment using big data techniques.After that,we reviewed the advantages and limitations of the above-mentioned NCDs risk prediction models and platforms for NCDs risk prediction and containment,then put forward recommendations for strengthening the explanatory power of the models and optimising the development of the platforms.All of these are for further development of intelligent containment of NCDs.

关 键 词：大数据 慢性病 预防与控制 模式 综述 

分 类 号：R-056[医药卫生] R36