中国输东盟葡萄农残风险分析及对策研究  

Risk Analysis and Countermeasures of Excessive Pesticide Residues in China’s Export of Grapes to ASEAN

作　　者：宋晓燕 吴娟 李建军 赵明刚 SONG Xiaoyan;WU Juan;LI Jianjun;ZHAO Minggang(Research Center of GACC for International Inspection and Quarantine Standards and Technical Regulations,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]海关总署国际检验检疫标准与技术法规研究中心,北京100013

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2022年第13期1-8,共8页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：海关总署科研项目(2020HK194)。

摘　　要：葡萄是中国向东盟出口量较大的农产品之一。葡萄在生产过程中极易发生病虫害,会使用到多种农药,影响着葡萄质量安全,中国及东盟国家均制定了葡萄上的农药最大残留限量(maximum residue limit,MRL)。本文比较了中国和泰国、越南、印度尼西亚、菲律宾、新加坡、马来西亚和缅甸葡萄上的农药MRL,分析葡萄出口时的农残违规风险。结论显示,代森锰锌、福美双、嘧菌酯和烯酰吗啉这4种国内葡萄上登记使用的杀菌剂和甲氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氟虫腈、马拉硫磷、溴氰菊酯、敌百虫这6种国内葡萄上未登记的杀虫剂出口时农残违规风险较高。此外,泰国和马来西亚都制定了默认限量0.01 mg/kg,对于这两个国家法规和国际食品法典委员会(Codex Alimentarius Commission,CAC)都没有制定限量标准且我国在葡萄上有登记的农药,出口时同样应引起关注。Grape is one of the largest agricultural products exported from China to ASEAN. Grapes are prone to diseases and insect pests in the production process, and a variety of pesticides are used on them. Pesticide residue is an important factor affecting the quality and safety of grapes. Both China and ASEAN countries have set the maximum residue limit(MRL) of pesticides on grapes. This paper compares the pesticide MRL on grapes in China, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia,the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia and Myanmar, and analyses the risk of excessive pesticide residues in China’s export of grapes to ASEAN. The conclusion shows that mancozeb, thiram, azoxystrobin, dimethomorph which are registered on grapes, and fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronil, malathion, deltamethrin, trichlorfon which are unregistered on grapes, have a high risk of excessive pesticide residues when exporting grapes. In addition, Thailand and Malaysia have set a default limit of 0.01 mg/kg, for the pesticides which are registered on grapes in China and have no standard in these two counties and Codex Alimentarius Commission(CAC), should also be concerned when exporting grapes.

关 键 词：东盟 葡萄 农药 最大残留限量(MRL) 

分 类 号：TS255.2[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]