大学本科教学的“木桶效应”——基于陕甘闽105所高校《本科教学质量报告》的分析  

Research on“Barrel Effect”in Undergraduate Teaching:Based on the Analysis of the Teaching Quality Report of 105 Universities

作　　者：陈晨[1] CHEN Chen(Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学教育科学学院,安徽芜湖241001

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2022年第3期110-116,共7页Modern Education Science

基　　金：安徽高校人文社会科学重点项目“县域义务教育质量评估监测制度研究”(项目编号:SK2021A0088)。

摘　　要：大学本科教学是高等教育教学的中坚力量。以陕甘闽3省105所高校的《本科教学质量报告(2019—2020年)》为材料源,从教学经费投入、目前存在的教学问题出发探究不同本科院校类型的教学状况。研究结果表明:我国高等教育系统的层级化特征泛化于本科教学中,不同办学类型的高校,其享有的教学资源存在显著性差异,突出表现在教学经费投入的差异上。此外,不同院校类型在总体的办学资源、教师队伍建设、人才培养定位等方面也存在各自不同的“短板”。大学本科要实现一流教学,应认清教学中的“木桶效应”现象,力求打破现有高校系统的圈层结构,创新教师激励机制,缓解“学术棘轮”,明确办学的目标和定位,从而实现一流本科教学的战略目标。Undergraduate teaching is the backbone of higher education teaching.The thesis uses the“Undergraduate Teaching Quality Report(2019-2020)”from 105 Universities in Shanxi,Gansu and Fujian three provinces,from the perspective of teaching resources and teaching problems so as to explore the development of undergraduate teaching in China,and through the study,it could be found that the hierarchical characteristics is clearly existed in China's higher education system,There are significant differences in the teaching resources enjoyed by different types of colleges and universities,especially in the differences in the input of teaching funds.In addition,different types of colleges and universities also have different“shortcomings”in the overall resources of running schools,the construction of teachers'ranks,and the orientation of personnel training.In order to achieve first-class teaching,undergraduates should recognize the phenomenon of“barrel effect”in teaching,try to break the circle structure of the existing university system,innovate the incentive mechanism for teachers,ease the“academic ratchet”and clarify the goal and orientation of running a university,so as to realize the strategic goal of first-class undergraduate teaching.

关 键 词：投入经费 教学问题 本科院校 学术棘轮 木桶效应 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]