可变喷嘴涡轮增压共轨柴油机控制参数及性能不同海拔特性研究  

Research on Control Parameters and Performance of Variable Nozzle Turbocharger Common Rail Diesel Engine at Different Altitudes

作　　者：邹永杰 万明定 申立忠 吴涛[2] 王正江[1] ZOU Yongjie;WAN Mingding;SHEN Lizhong;WU Tao;WANG Zhengjiang(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Internal Combustion Engine,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Kunming Yunnei Power Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650200,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学云南省内燃机重点实验室,昆明650500 [2]昆明云内动力股份有限公司,昆明650200

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2022年第3期45-51,共7页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52066008);云南省科技计划项目(2019FB073)。

摘　　要：针对高原环境下柴油机功率下降、经济性恶化等问题,采用大气压力模拟系统及发动机台架,以柴油机动力性为目标,在0 m、1000 m、2000 m和2400 m海拔下对柴油机增压压力、喷油提前角、轨压和喷油量进行了协调控制标定。结果表明:在增压器转速、缸内压力、排气温度和烟度限值等限制条件下,通过控制目标增压压力、提前喷油正时、提高共轨压力及减小喷油量综合控制,能够较大程度恢复高原环境下柴油机动力输出。与0 m相比,1000 m、2000 m、2400 m海拔下的最大转矩分别降低2.71%、6.67%、11.16%;最大功率分别降低0.57%、3.24%、10.09%;最低比油耗分别增加2.13%、4.62%、5.62%;最大功率对应比油耗分别增加0.51%、1.74%、2.29%。NO_(x)排放随海拔的变化与柴油机工况相关,当转速低于2000 r/min时,NO_(x)排放随着海拔升高而降低,而转速高于2000 r/min时,NO_(x)排放明显增大。随着海拔升高,柴油机烟度逐渐增大,尤其低速时更为明显。The atmospheric pressure simulation system and engine bench were used to target diesel engine power performance to solve the problems of diesel engine power reduction,fuel economic deterioration and supercharger overspeed in plateau environment.The diesel engine boost pressure,fuel injection advance angle,rail pressure and fuel injection volume were coordinated and calibrated at altitudes of 0 m,1000 m,2000 m and 2400 m.The results showed that the power output of the diesel engine in the plateau environment could be recovered to a great extent under the limitation of the turbocharger speed,cylinder pressure,exhaust temperature and smoke limit,by controlling the target pressure,advancing the injection timing,increasing the common rail pressure and reducing the injection volume.The maximum torque at altitudes of 1000 m、2000 m、2400 m decreased by 2.71%,6.67%and 11.16%respectively compared with that at 0 m.The maximum power decreased by 0.57%,3.24%and 10.09%respectively.The lowest specific fuel consumption increased by 2.13%,4.62%and 5.62%respectively.And the corresponding specific fuel consumption of maximum power increased by 0.51%,1.74%and 2.29%respectively.The change of NO_(x) emissions with altitude was related to engine operating conditions.When the speed was lower than 2000 r/min,NO_(x) emissions decreased with the increase of altitude.And when the speed was higher than 2000 r/min,NO_(x) emissions increased significantly.As the altitude increased,the smoke of diesel engine gradually increased,especially at low speeds.

关 键 词：柴油机 高原环境 增压匹配 功率恢复 

分 类 号：TK427[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]