日本奶类消费促进经验及对中国的启示  

Experience of Promoting Dairy Consumption in Japan and Its Enlightenments to China

作　　者：王瑞港 杨祯妮 吕鹏飞 马广旭 程广燕 Wang Ruigang;Yang Zhenni;Lyu Pengfei;Ma Guangxu;Cheng Guangyan(Institute of Food and Nutrition Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部食物与营养发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《农业展望》2022年第3期124-130,共7页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金：农业农村部食物与营养发展研究所科技创新工程(ASTIP2021-3-3);农业农村部食物与营养发展研究所科技创新工程(ASTIP2021-12)。

摘　　要：乳制品消费对于提高居民营养水平和改善饮食结构具有积极影响。日本人均奶类消费量达95 kg,研究日本奶类消费历史、现状并总结经验对于促进中国居民奶类消费具有重要意义。从消费数量与结构、产品价格与消费支出、分人群消费情况、自给率等方面分析了日本奶类消费特征,并总结了日本奶类消费促进经验。研究发现,日本居民奶类消费趋于稳定,消费结构完成了以液体奶为主向液态奶、奶酪等多品类平衡消费的转变,奶酪产品是日本奶类消费的主要增长点,不同年龄段消费者奶类消费分化,奶类产品自给率呈下降趋势。借鉴日本经验,建议从食育政策、学生奶计划、标签管理与应用、优化奶类产品结构、控制乳品价格等方面加大工作力度,促进中国居民奶类消费增长,推动奶业持续健康发展。Dairy consumption has a positive impact on improving residents'nutritional level and dietary structure.The per capita milk consumption in Japan is up to 95 kilograms.It is of great significance to study the history and current situation of milk consumption in Japan and summarize experience to promote the milk consumption of Chinese residents.The characteristics of milk consumption in Japan were analyzed from the aspects of consumption quantity and structure,product price and consumption expenditure,population consumption and self-sufficiency rate,and the experience of promoting milk consumption in Japan was summarized.The results showed that the dairy consumption of Japanese residents tends to be stable,and the consumption structure has completed the transformation from liquid milk to multi category balanced consumption such as liquid milk and cheese.Cheese products are the main growth point of dairy consumption in Japan.The dairy consumption of consumers of different ages is differentiated,and the self-sufficiency rate of dairy products shows a downward trend.Based on the experience of Japan,it was suggested to strengthen the work from the aspects of food and education policy,student milk plan,label management and application,optimizing the structure of dairy products and controlling dairy prices,so as to promote the growth of dairy consumption of Chinese residents and promote the sustainable and healthy development of dairy industry.

关 键 词：日本 奶类消费 消费结构 价格调控 产品创新 经验启示 

分 类 号：F426.82[经济管理—产业经济] F431.3