地衣芽孢杆菌发酵降解脱铬皮屑的条件优化研究  

Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Dechromed Wet Blue Shavings with Bacillus Licheniformis

作　　者：卢欣雨 张晓伟 张佳兴 赵胜宗 刘彦[1,2] LU Xinyu;ZHANG Xiaowei;ZHANG Jiaxing;ZHAO Shengzong;LIU Yan(Department of Biomass and Leather Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学生物质与皮革工程系,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《皮革科学与工程》2022年第4期25-31,共7页Leather Science and Engineering

基　　金：四川省科技厅资助重点研发项目“基于亚临界技术的皮革固体废弃物无害化处理与资源化利用”(2022YFS0463)。

摘　　要：对地衣芽孢杆菌发酵降解脱铬皮屑的条件进行系统研究及优化,结果表明,优化后的菌株发酵条件为:种子液菌龄24 h,固液比1∶15,接种量0.5%,温度37℃,pH 9.0和发酵时间48 h。SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳法测定不同发酵时间点下蛋白质相对分子质量的分布结果显示,发酵12 h后蛋白质条带呈清晰的连续状分布,且相对分子质量较大,基本都在20.0 kda及以上,发酵48 h后基本都在14.4 kda以下,说明脱铬皮屑已基本降解为易于植物吸收的游离氨基酸和小分子肽类物质。发酵液成分的测定结果显示,发酵液中游离氨基酸主要有脯氨酸,半胱氨酸、丙氨酸和组氨酸,总游离氨基酸含量达到了1 g/L,总肽含量为13.21 g/L;脱铬皮屑发酵液中未检测到汞、砷、镉和铅元素,铬含量为2.91 mg/kg,重金属含量达到了农业部国家标准,有望作为促进植物生长的生物有机缓释肥。The fermentation conditions for wet blue shavings with Bacillus licheniformis were systematically studied and optimized.The results showed that the optimized fermentation conditions for P4 strain were cell age 24 h,solid-liquid ratio 1∶15,inoculum size 0.5%,fermentation temperature 37℃,pH 9.0 and fermentation for 48 h.SDS-PAGE analysis was employed to show the molecular weight distribution of the proteins in the fermentation broth at different fermentation time,and the results indicated that after 12 h of fermentation,the protein bands exhibited a clear continuous distribution,and the molecular weight was relatively large,basically 20.0 kda and above.After fermentation for 48 h,the molecular weight was basically below 14.4 kda,indicating that the dechromed wet blue shavings had been mostly degraded into free amino acids and small molecular peptides which are easily absorbed by plants.Composition analysis of the fermentation broth showed that the free amino acids mainly included proline,cysteine,alanine and histidine,and the total free amino acid content and total peptide content were 1 g/L,and 13.21 g/L,respectively.No mercury,arsenic,cadmium and lead elements were detected in the fermentation broth,and the chromium content was 2.91 mg/kg.The content of heavy metals in the fermentation broth met the national standards of the Ministry of Agriculture.The fermentation broth of dechromed wet blue shavings is expected to be used as a bio-organic slow-release fertilizer to promote the growth of plants.

关 键 词：地衣芽孢杆菌 发酵 脱铬皮屑 条件优化 

分 类 号：TS59[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]