明清时期黔东地区的府卫归属变迁  

The Disputes over the Ownership of Wei-suo and Prefecture on Eastern Guizhou in Ming and Qing Dynasty

作　　者：吴春宏[1] Wu Chunhong

机构地区：[1]绍兴图书馆,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《贵州文史丛刊》2022年第2期72-83,共12页GUIZHOU CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL JOURNAL

摘　　要：明洪武时期,为了强化对西南地区的管理,明朝在湖广思州、思南二宣慰司境内设置了平溪、清浪、镇远、偏桥、铜鼓、五开等六卫,史称“边六卫”。永乐时期又废除思州、思南二宣慰司,建立贵州布政司,分设思州、石阡、新化、黎平、思南、乌罗、铜仁、镇远等八府,即黔东八府。同时,有意以“边六卫”隶属湖广都司,而以黔东八府隶属贵州布政司,由此形成黔东地区府卫分属、犬牙相制的格局。但这种局面带来了互相推诿等诸多弊端,引发了贵州、湖广两省关于黔东地区府卫归属的长期争议。到了清初,随着卫所郡县化的加速,朝廷最终将“边六卫”全部划入贵州,改并府县,从而结束了这场漫长的归属争议。In order to suppress the chieftain,the Hongwu Dynasty planted The Six Marginal Wei in the territory of Sizhou and Sinan Chieftain,including Pingxi,Qinglang,Zhenyuan,Pianqiao,Tonggu and Wukai.The Yongle Dynasty abolished the two Chieftains,divided them into Sinan,Shiqian,Wuluo,Tongren,Sizhou,Zhenyuan,Xinhua and Liping Prefecture,and established Guizhou Province.In order to control the locality,the Ming Dynasty divided The Six Marginal Wei into Huguang Dusi while the eight Prefectures belonged to Guizhou province,the consequence is in overlapping administration.This situation has brought many disadvantages,such as mutual prevarication,and triggered a long-term dispute over the ownership of Prefecture and Wei-suo between Guizhou and Huguang.In the early Qing Dynasty,with the acceleration of the transformation into Prefecture of Wei-suo,the empire finally assigned all the Wei-suo to Guizhou and changed them to Prefecture,thus ending the disputes.

关 键 词：明清时期 黔东地区 犬牙相制 归属变迁 改卫归流 

分 类 号：K921[历史地理—人文地理学]