基于组合赋权法的疫苗供应链流程风险评估  

Process risk assessment of vaccine supply chain based on combination weighting method

作　　者：杨满意 牛莉霞[1] YANG Manyi;NIU Lixia(School of Business Administration,Liaoning Technical University,Liaoning Huludao 125105,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学工商管理学院,辽宁葫芦岛125105

出　　处：《中国药房》2022年第13期1548-1553,共6页China Pharmacy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52174184,No.51504126);辽宁省社会科学规划基金资助项目(No.L20BGL030)。

摘　　要：目的识别和评估疫苗供应链运作流程中的风险因素,明确各流程风险在疫苗供应链整体风险中的重要程度,为疫苗供应链中利益相关方制定风险管控策略提供参考。方法通过供应链运作参考模型识别疫苗供应链运作过程中存在的风险因素,构建疫苗供应链风险评价指标体系。运用最优最劣法、熵权法确定指标的主观和客观权重,并利用Lagrange乘子法求解出指标的最优组合权重。结果与结论建立了含18个指标的疫苗供应链风险评价指标体系,仅用67%的指标反映了85%的疫苗供应链风险信息量,该体系的构建具有合理性。生产流程风险组合权重为0.607,在疫苗供应链整体风险中所占权重最高,其余依次为采购(0.234)、配送(0.102)、计划(0.053)、退货(0.004)流程风险。在对风险进行管控时,企业应高度重视疫苗生产环节的风险因素;同时,也应重点关注产品用物料不合格、物料混淆使用等其他风险。OBJECTIVE To identify and evaluate the risk factors in the operation process of the vaccine supply chain,clarify the importance of each process risk in the overall risk of the vaccine supply chain,and provide reference for stakeholders in the vaccine supply chain to formulate risk management and control strategies.METHODS In the supply chain operation reference model,the risk factors existing in the operation of vaccine supply chain were identified,and the vaccine supply chain risk evaluation index system was constructed.The best-worst method and entropy weight method were used to determine the subjective and objective weight of the index,and the Lagrange multiplier method was used to solve the optimal combination weight value of the index.RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS A vaccine supply chain risk evaluation index system with 18 indexes was established.Only 67%of the indexes reflected 85%of the vaccine supply chain risk information.The construction of the system was reasonable.The results showed that the risk weight of production process was 0.607,which accounts for the highest weight in the overall risk of vaccine supply chain,followed by procurement(0.234),distribution(0.102),planning(0.053)and return(0.004)process risk.When managing and controlling risks,enterprises should attach great importance to the risk factors in vaccine production;at the same time,enterprises should also focus on other risks such as unqualified materials for products,mixed use of materials and so on.

关 键 词：疫苗 供应链 最优最劣法 熵权法 组合赋权法 风险评估 

分 类 号：R954[医药卫生—药学] F272.3[经济管理—企业管理]