零工经济中平台型灵活就业人员的劳动供给影响因素研究——来自外卖骑手的证据  

Research on Influencing Factors of Labor Supply of Platform-based Flexible Employees in Gig Economy--Evidence from Food Delivery Drivers

作　　者：张杉杉[1] 杨滨伊 ZHANG Shanshan;YANG Binyi(Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院,北京100070

出　　处：《经济与管理研究》2022年第6期80-89,共10页Research on Economics and Management

摘　　要：本文以外卖骑手为例,针对零工经济中平台型灵活就业人员中的过劳现象进行深入分析,并通过区分外卖骑手对工作灵活性偏好的不同类型,构建一个跨层次模型,进一步研究个体层面、平台层面、区域层面对外卖骑手工作时间的影响路径。结果表明,外卖骑手对工作灵活性的不同偏好影响工作时间,平台架构在其中分别发挥中介效应与遮掩效应,城镇化水平调节了平台架构对工作时间的影响。因此,外卖骑手的工作时间及工作状态一定程度上源于他们的自主选择,外卖行业特征及高度弹性化的工作安排给予其改善生计的机会;同时,平台架构对外卖骑手工作时间具有显著影响,因此需要引导平台不断改善管理方式以保障外卖骑手的劳动权益。Using food delivery drivers as an example,this paper examines the overwork phenomenon among platform-based flexible employees in the gig economy,distinguishes different types of work flexibility preferences,and develops a cross-level model to investigate the influence path of individuals,platforms and regional levels on food delivery drivers’working hours.The findings reveal that delivery drivers’different preferences for work flexibility have an impact on their working hours,with platform architecture acting as a mediating effect and a masking effect,respectively,and the urbanization level moderating the impact of platform architecture on working hours.As a result,food delivery drivers’working hours and working conditions are partly attributed to their autonomy,and the food delivery industry’s characteristics and highly flexible working arrangements present them with the opportunity to improve their livelihood.At the same time,platform architecture has a significant impact on food delivery drivers’working hours,making it important to guide the platform to continuously improve the management mode in order to defend their labor rights and interests.

关 键 词：网约送餐工作 外卖骑手 劳动供给 平台架构 灵活性偏好 

分 类 号：F245[经济管理—劳动经济]