弹性离散支撑钢轨的振动和声辐射特性研究  

Study on Vibration and Acoustic Radiation Characteristics of Elastically and Discretely Supported Rails

作　　者：刘清源 成功 何远鹏[1] 陈宗平 韩健 圣小珍 LIU Qingyuan;CHENG Gong;HE Yuanpeng;CHEN Zongping;HAN Jian;SHENG Xiaozhen(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Urban Rail Transit,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]华东交通大学轨道交通基础设施性能监测与保障国家重点实验室,江西南昌330013 [3]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [4]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620

出　　处：《铁道学报》2022年第6期99-106,共8页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFE0205200);国家自然科学基金(U1834201);四川省科技计划(2020YJ0076);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2019G037)。

摘　　要：首先,建立有限长铁木辛柯梁单元钢轨模型、有限长实体单元-铁木辛柯梁单元组合钢轨模型和无限长铁木辛柯梁钢轨模型,计算各模型在静止简谐载荷作用下的垂向原点位移导纳和轨道衰减率,对比三种模型的振动特性。然后,分别采用2.5维声学边界元法和衰减率与噪声的关系公式,得到钢轨在上述载荷作用下在自由空间的辐射声功率,并对比两种方法的区别。最后,使用2.5维边界元法,计算考虑轨道板反射的钢轨辐射声功率。结果表明,相对于自由空间的钢轨,轨道板的反射使钢轨声功率在多个频率上产生了峰值,揭示出钢轨与反射面所形成的声学空间存在特征波,并进一步分析这些特征波的性质。In this paper,the vibration and acoustic radiation characteristics of discretely supported rail were studied.Firstly,three models of rail,including a finitely long Timoshenke element beam,a finitely long solid element-Timoshenke element beam and an infinitely long Timoshenke beam were established,to calculate the vertical driving point receptance and track decay rate of each model under the stationary harmonic load and to compare the vibration characteristics of the three modes.Secondly,the sound radiation power of the rail subject to the stationary harmonic load in free space was obtained by using the 2.5D acoustical boundary element method and the formula about the relationship of the decay rate and noise.The differences between the two methods were compared.Thirdly,the 2.5D boundary element method was used to calculate the sound radiation power of the rail by considering the reflection of the rigid slab.The results show that compared with the rail in a free space,the reflection of the slab results in the rail sound power peak at multiply frequencies,revealing the existence of characteristic waves in the acoustic space formed by the rail and reflective the surface.The properties of these characteristic waves are further analyzed in this paper.

关 键 词：钢轨 铁木辛柯梁 位移导纳 轨道衰减率 2.5维声学边界元法 

分 类 号：U213.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]