多媒体隐写研究进展  

Overview of steganography on multimedia

作　　者：张卫明[1] 王宏霞 李斌[3] 任延珍[4] 杨忠良 陈可江 李伟祥 张新鹏 俞能海[1] Zhang Weiming;Wang Hongxia;Li Bin;Ren Yanzhen;Yang Zhongliang;Chen Kejiang;Li Weixiang;Zhang Xinpeng;Yu Nenghai(School of Cyber Science and Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027,China;School of Cyber Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610207,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Media Security,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China;School of Cyber Science and Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Department of Electronic Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Computer Science,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学网络空间安全学院,合肥230027 [2]四川大学网络空间安全学院,成都610207 [3]深圳大学广东省智能信息处理重点实验室及深圳市媒体信息内容安全重点实验室,深圳518060 [4]武汉大学国家网络安全学院,武汉430072 [5]清华大学电子工程系,北京100084 [6]复旦大学计算机科学技术学院,上海200438

出　　处：《中国图象图形学报》2022年第6期1918-1943,共26页Journal of Image and Graphics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62102386,U1936214,61972269,61872275,U1936216);深圳市基础研究项目(JCYJ20200109105008228);广东省自然科学基金项目(2019B151502001)。

摘　　要：大数据分析可以跳过数据内容而仅从数据背景挖掘情报,传统的加密通信已经难以满足安全通信的需求。隐写技术是将秘密消息嵌入各种载体(如数字图像、音频、视频或文本)中实现隐蔽通信的技术,是应对大数据情报获取的有效手段,是密码技术的必要补充。人工智能,尤其是深度学习,在计算机视觉、语音和自然语言处理等领域的巨大成功,给隐写术带来了新机遇,提出了新挑战,促使基于图像、音/视频和文本的隐写术出现了一系列新思想、新方法。本文介绍隐写术的概念、分类、主要作用和研究意义,概述隐写术的发展历史、研究近况和应用场景。注意到各类载体上的隐写术虽然有差别,但是其核心追求有共通之处,可以提炼成通用的隐写编码问题。所以本文首先介绍隐写编码的基本思想与关键技术,然后针对最重要和流行的载体、图像、视频、音频和文本,分别介绍隐写术的进展。总体而言,本文从隐写编码、图像隐写、视频隐写、音频隐写和文本隐写5个方面概述隐写术的国际/国内发展现状,总结差异,对比优势和劣势,并分析发展趋势。Big data analysis can skip the data content and mine intelligence from the data context,therefore encryption cannot meet the requirement for secure communication.Steganography is a technique to embed secret messages in various covers(such as digital images,audio,video or text)to achieve covert communication,which is an effective method to cope with big data intelligence acquisition and a necessary complement to cryptography.The advances of artificial intelligence,especially deep learning,in computer vision,speech and natural language processing in recent years have brought new opportunities and challenges to steganography,prompting a series of new ideas and methods in image,audio and video,and text steganography.This paper will introduce the concept,classification,main role and research significance of steganography,and outline the development history,research status and application scenarios of steganography.It is noted that although there are differences in steganography on various covers,their core pursuits have commonalities,which can be refined into general steganographic coding problems.Therefore,this paper will first introduce the basic ideas and key technologies of steganography,and then introduce the progress of steganography for the most important and popular covers,including image,video,audio and text.According to the development of steganographic coding,it can be divided into coding problems under five cost models:constant cost,two-level cost,multi-level cost,non-binary cost,non-additive cost.The coding efficiency and security have been greatly improved.With the effective steganographic coding methods,the focus of research turns to how to define the distortion introduce by embedding message.As for image steganography,this paper reviews model-based steganography,natural steganography,side-information steganography,adversarial steganography.The confrontation between steganography and steganalysis is getting fierce.The distribution of cover image is better preserved.Video is composed of multiple images,s

关 键 词：隐写编码 文本隐写 图像隐写 音频隐写 视频隐写 

分 类 号：TP391.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]