《奥特兰托堡》中美学趣味与道德寓意的矛盾及分离  

The Contradiction and Dissociation between Aesthetic Taste and Moral Implication in The Castle of Otranto

作　　者：刘云飞 Liu Yunfei(the School of Literature,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2022年第3期70-79,共10页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“文学伦理学批评的理论资源与对外传播研究”(21&ZD264);教育部人文社会科学研究项目青年基金“潘诺夫斯基图像学的理论语境研究”(20YJC760063)。

摘　　要：霍勒斯·沃坡尔的《奥特兰托堡》是第一部哥特小说,体现了作者偏向中世纪的美学趣味。在哥特复兴的浪潮中这种美学趣味隐含了与英国民族主义绑定在一起的道德寓意。然而,作者急于复兴旧时传奇中的幻想与崇高,同时又不得不考虑当下道德规范中的自由与理性,于是小说中的美学趣味和道德寓意产生了矛盾。为了调和此矛盾,作者在情节设置上将宗教迷信与超自然力量分离;在伦理结构上将封建社会关系与现代家庭关系分离;在人物塑造上将理想人格与现实人格分离。此种解决办法构成了该作品的特性,为后来更加成熟的现代小说提供了参照,因此有重要的文学史意义。Horace Walpole’s The Castle of Otranto, the first Gothic novel, reflects the author’s predilection towards the medieval aesthetic taste. In the trend of the Gothic Revival, this kind of aesthetic taste connoted a moral implication bound with British nationalism. However, the fact that the author was so anxious to restore the fantasy and sublime in the old legends, but still had to consider the freedom and rationality of the moral norms at the time brought about a contradiction between the aesthetic taste and its moral implication in the novel. To reconcile this contradiction, the author dissociates religious superstition from supernatural power in plot arrangement, dissociates feudal social relations from modern family relations in ethical structure, and dissociates ideal personality from real personality in characterization. Such a solution sets up the characteristics of the work, provides a reference for the subsequent and more mature modern fiction and, therefore, has a major significance in literary history.

关 键 词：美学趣味 道德寓意 伦理价值 《奥特兰托堡》 哥特复兴 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]