清末租界报人“独立办报”意识的觉醒与实践——基于英敛之时期《大公报》的考察  

Running Newspaper Independently:Awareness and Practice of the Press in Concessions inthe Qing Dynasty

作　　者：张勇丽 Zhang Yongli

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学新闻学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《传媒观察》2022年第6期98-104,共7页Media Observer

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“革命与战争语境下中国共产党新闻政策演变研究(1921-1935)”(19CXW004)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：《大公报》初创时期,为规避清政府对国人自办报刊的迫害,英敛之接受了来自法国在华天主教会、法国领事馆等法国在华势力的多方“助力”,但随着办报的深入,他所坚持的“报刊救国”理想与法人意欲培植《大公报》为在华利益代言人的企图产生了激烈冲突。为摆脱法人对《大公报》的干预,英敛之借助日本在华势力,最终将《大公报》从法租界搬入日租界,并在此后的报刊出版经营中保持与日租界势力的距离,防止日租界势力对《大公报》的干预,为《大公报》在北方言论界声誉日隆奠定了基础,也为国人租界独立办报提供了成功借鉴。本文以《英敛之先生日记遗稿》为基础史料,考察英敛之的办报历程,指出在清末特殊环境下,租界华报报人已具有明确的独立办报意识,并为实现“报刊救国”的理想努力探索一条摆脱外人干预的路径。In the initial period of Tianjin Ta Kung Pao,in order to avoid the persecution of the Qing government on the self-run newspapers by the Chinese people,Ying Lianzhi accepted "help" from multiple parties including the French Catholic Church and French Consulate in China. However,with the development of the newspaper,his ideal of saving the nation by newspapers and periodicals was in fierce conflict with the French’s attempt to cultivate Ta Kung Pao as their spokesman for their interests of China. In order to get rid of the French interference in Ta Kung Pao,with the help of Japanese forces in China,Ying Lianzhi eventually moved Ta Kung Pao from the French concession to the Japanese concession,and kept a distance from the Japanese concession forces in the publication and operation of newspapers and periodicals since then to prevent the interference of the Japanese concession. The intervention of the forces on Ta Kung Pao laid the foundation for Ta Kung Pao’s growing reputation in the northern speech circles,and also provided reference for the Chinese people to run independent newspapers in the concessions. This article,based on the historical materials of Ying Lianzhi’s Diary Remainder,examines the change of Ying Lianzhi’s attitude from "pro-French" to "pro-Japanese" and points out that under the special circumstances of the late Qing Dynasty,although it was still necessary for the Chinese people to run their own newspapers objectively with the help of foreign forces in order to survive better,the Chinese Journalists in the concession already had a clear sense of running newspapers independently,and strived to find a way out of the interference of outsiders in running newspapers in order to realize the ideal of "saving the nation by newspapers and periodicals".

关 键 词：《大公报》 英敛之 租界华报 独立办报 

分 类 号：G210.9[文化科学—新闻学]