节流方式对液体静压导轨刚度的影响规律研究  

Research on the influence of throttling method on the stiffness of hydrostatic guide

作　　者：杜凯旋 阳红[1] 李加胜 孙守利 刘有海[1] DU Kaixuan;YANG Hong;LI Jiasheng;SUN Shouli;LIU Youhai(Institute of Machinery Manufacturing Technology,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《中国工程机械学报》2022年第2期134-139,共6页Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51905507);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2021M693906);中国工程物理研究院院长基金资助(YZJJLX2020006)。

摘　　要：节流器是液体静压导轨系统中重要的调节元件,为了探究不同节流方式对液体静压导轨刚度的影响,设计了可更换节流器类型的液体静压导轨实验台,采用有限元仿真与实验结合的方法,探究了小孔、毛细管、环形缝隙这3种节流方式对液体静压导轨刚度的影响规律。依照液阻相同的原则,计算得到3种类型节流器设计参数,建立不同节流方式的承载油膜有限元模型,求解得到承载油膜的压力分布及承载力,利用逐差法求解刚度。研究表明:相同液阻条件下,小孔节流方式的油膜刚度大于毛细管与环形缝隙节流方式;随着油膜厚度的增加,油膜刚度先增大后减小,存在一个最佳油膜厚度使得刚度最大;油膜刚度随着供油压力的增大而增大,小孔节流方式的油膜刚度对于油压波动的敏感性要低于毛细管和环形缝隙节流方式。本研究为液体静压导轨节流器的类型选择与参数优化设计提供了参考。The restrictor is an important adjusting element in the hydrostatic guide system.In order to explore the influence of different throttling methods on the hydrostatic guide,a hydrostatic guide test bench with a replaceable restrictor type is designed.Using the method of combining finite element simulation and experiment,the influence law of three throttling methods of orifice,capillary and annular gap on the stiffness of hydrostatic guide is explored.According to the principle of the same hydraulic resistance,the design parameters of the three types of throttles are calculated.The finite element model of the bearing oil film with different throttling methods is established,and the pressure distribution and bearing capacity of the bearing oil film are solved.The stiffness is solved by the step-by-difference method.The research shows that under the same hydraulic resistance conditions,the oil film stiffness of the orifice throttling method is greater than that of the capillary and annular gap throttling methods.As the thickness of the oil film increases,the stiffness of the oil film first increases and then decreases.There is an optimal oil film thickness to maximize stiffness.The stiffness of the oil film increases with the increase of the oil supply pressure.The sensitivity of the oil film stiffness of the orifice throttling method to oil pressure fluctuations is lower than that of the capillary and annular gap throttling methods.This research provides a reference for the selection of hydrostatic guide restrictors and the optimal design of parameters.

关 键 词：液体静压导轨 刚度 节流方式 小孔 毛细管 环形缝隙 

分 类 号：TG502.1[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]