风景书写与民族国家想象——现代诗歌中国家形象的生成与演变  

Landscape Writing and Nation-state Imagination——The Formation and Evolution of the National Image in Modern Poetry

作　　者：万冲 WAN Chong(School of Liberal Arts,Nantong University,Nantong 226001,China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学文学院,江苏南通226001

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期21-31,共11页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“新文学书评资料整理与研究”(20BZW136);南通大学人才引进项目“中国现代诗歌中的自然书写”(135420601153)。

摘　　要：在由“天下”向现代民族国家转变的过程中,中国现代诗人一直在寻求新的意象,作为现代中国形象的象征。在20世纪20年代,以闻一多和郭沫若为代表的诗人,认领出独特的风景“黄河”“长江”等,将它们视为文化中国的象征。在20世纪30年代初,在城市与乡村的二元对立之中,以蒲风、王亚平等为代表的诗人,则以风景作为乡土中国的象征,渴望建构一个自由、平等的乌托邦。在民族处于危亡的抗战时期,艾青和七月派诗人通过“受难—新生”的感受方式,把个人与民族联结为一个命运共同体,将“土地”形象认领为现代民族国家的象征。由于凝聚着丰富的历史、文化、情感内涵,“土地”最终成为象征现代中国的核心意象。理清现代诗歌中国家形象的生成与演变线索,能够认识风景参与到民族国家建构过程的深层机制,有助于理解现代民族国家生成和现代文学发展的内在逻辑关联。In the process of transformation from“the world”to a modern nation-state,modern Chinese poets have been seeking new images as symbols of the image of modern China.In the 1920s,poets represented by Wen Yiduo and Guo Moruo recognized such unique landscapes as"the Yellow River"and"the Yangtze River",and regarded them as symbols of cultural China.In the early 1930s,in the binary opposition between the city and the country,the poets represented by Pu Feng and Wang Yaping used the landscape as a symbol of rural China and longed to build a free and equal Utopia.At the time when the nation was in peril in the Anti-Japanese War,Ai Qing and the poets of the July School united individuals and the nation into a community of shared destiny through the feeling of“suffering-rebirth”,and identified the image of"land"as a symbol of the modern nation-state.Because of its rich historical,cultural,and emotional connotations,"land"eventually became a core image symbolizing modern China.By clarifying the clues of the formation and evolution of the national image in modern poetry,it is likely to understand the profound mechanism of the participation of the landscape in the construction of the nation-state,and is helpful to comprehend the inner logical connection between the formation of the modern nation-state and the development of modern literature.

关 键 词：风景书写 现代诗歌 民族国家 国家形象 乡土风景 土地 山河 

分 类 号：I226[文学—中国文学]