上海市方舱医院新型冠状病毒肺炎患者心理健康状况调查及影响因素研究  

A survey of mental health and influencing factors of COVID-19 patients in fangcang shelter hospitals in Shanghai

作　　者：傅燚 孙跃喜[2] 张宸韬 李清伟[1] FU Yi;SUN Yuexi;ZHANG Chentao;LI Qingwei(Department of Psychiatry,Tongji Hospital,School of Medicine,Tongji University,Shanghai 200065,China;Department of Emergency Medicine,Tongji Hospital,School of Medicine,Tongji University,Shanghai 200065,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属同济医院精神医学科,上海200065 [2]同济大学附属同济医院急诊医学科,上海200065

出　　处：《同济大学学报（医学版）》2022年第3期303-309,共7页Journal of Tongji University(Medical Science)

基　　金：上海市心身医学重要薄弱学科建设项目(2019ZB0202);上海市公共卫生三年行动计划优秀学科带头人项目(GWV-10.2-XD29);上海市医务工会理论研究重点课题(2022YGL19)。

摘　　要：目的 调查上海市2022年3月以来新一波新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间方舱医院新冠肺炎患者心理健康状况,并分析影响因素,为开展针对性的心理干预和治疗提供科学依据。方法 于2022年4月6日—5月11日,采用横断面研究、方便抽样法,应用微信小程序“同心守沪”对上海市3所方舱医院新冠肺炎患者采用突发性公共卫生事件心理问卷,调查心理健康状况,并初步分析影响因素。结果 共268例患者完成问卷调查,心理症状检出者261例(97.4%),其中抑郁、神经衰弱、恐惧、强迫-焦虑、疑病症状检出率分别为80.6%、69.8%、89.6%、75.4%、41%。心理健康总评分影响因素有年龄(P=0.008)、躯体疾病(P=0.03)、既往是否有精神心理问题(P<0.001)、疫情对心身的影响程度(P<0.001);抑郁评分(P=0.019)和神经衰弱评分(P=0.021)还受教育程度影响;神经衰弱评分还受性别影响(P=0.024);疑病评分还受新冠肺炎认知程度影响(P=0.007)。结论 上海市方舱医院集中隔离治疗点内患者恐惧、抑郁、强迫-焦虑症状多见,心理异常症状严重程度以轻、中度为主。随年龄越小、受教育程度越高、女性患者、有躯体疾病、既往存在精神心理问题、对新冠肺炎认知程度低、疫情对心身影响程度越大,心理症状总分越高,症状越严重。Objective To investigate the mental health status of COVID-19 patients admitted in fangcang shelter hospitals(fangcang hospitals) in Shanghai during the COVID-19 outbreak since March 2022, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods A cross-section survey on the mental health status of COVID-19 patients in fangcang hospitals was conducted from April 6 to May 11, 2022. The participants were selected by convenient sampling from three fangcang hospitals in Shanghai and the Psychological Questionnaires for Emergent Events of Public Health(PQEEPH) was used through a Wechat mini-program Tongxinshouhu. The influencing factors were analyzed with multivariate linear regression. Results A total of 268 patients completed the questionnaire, 261(97.4%) were found to have psychological symptoms;the detection rates of depression, neurasthenia, fear, obsessive-anxiety and hypochondriasis were 80.6%, 69.8%, 89.6%, 75.4% and 41% respectively. The influencing factors of mental health status were age(P=0.008), physical disease(P=0.03), previous mental and psychological problems(P<0.001), and the degree of psychosomatic influence of epidemic situation(P<0.001). Depression scores(P=0.019) and neurasthenia scores(P=0.021) were affected by education level;the neurasthenia score was affected by gender(P=0.024);and hypochondriasis score was also affected by COVID-19 cognition(P=0.007). Conclusion The symptoms of fear, depression and obsessive-anxiety in patients admitted to fangcang hospitals in Shanghai are more prominent;however, the degree are mainly mild and moderate. The symptoms were aggravated by younger age, higher education level, female gender, physical illness, pre-existing mental and psychological problems, low awareness of COVID-19, and greater psychosomatic impact.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 方舱医院 心理健康 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.92[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]