基于主成分分析的糯玉米杂交组合农艺性状综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Agronomic Traits Based on Principal Component Analysis of Waxy Cross Combinations

作　　者：王俊花[1] 邵林生 闫建宾 王瑞钢 张雪彪 庞旭 张沛敏 WANG Junhua;SHAO Linsheng;YAN Jianbin;WANG Ruigang;ZHANG Xuebiao;PANG Xu;ZHANG Peimin(Institute of Sorghum,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030600,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学高粱研究所,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2022年第7期938-944,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC057)。

摘　　要：为了从玉米大量的农艺性状中筛选出用于可综合评价的主要性状,以提高糯玉米育种效率,以甜糯182号为对照,对60份鲜食糯玉米杂交组合的9个农艺性状进行遗传变异、相关性和主成分分析。结果表明,各农艺性状的变异系数在5.03%~72.03%,其中,秃尖长变异系数最大,生育期变异系数最小。相关性分析表明,单穗鲜质量与穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、穗长、株高呈极显著正相关,作用效应大小为穗粗>穗行数>行粒数>穗长>株高;秃尖长与单穗鲜质量、穗粗、行粒数呈极显著负相关;穗部各性状之间关联较大,穗长与穗粗和行粒数、穗粗与穗行数和行粒数、穗行数与行粒数都呈极显著正相关;穗长与穗行数呈显著正相关。主成分分析结果表明,前5个主成分累计贡献率达87.629%,第1主成分为产量因子,是糯玉米杂交组合评判的主要指标;第2主成分为穗位高因子;第3主成分为秃尖长因子;第4主成分为生育期因子;第5主成分为穗长因子。基于主成分分析的综合评价结果,结合鲜食糯玉米果穗等级划分标准,筛选出18份优良的糯玉米杂交组合,分别为J27、J61、J7、J16、J4、J14、J5、J32、J12、J13、J39、J44、J1、J60、J23、J28、J10、J24。综上可见,在山西省晋中盆地糯玉米高产优质育种中,要注重对单穗鲜质量大、穗长较长、秃尖较短、生育期87 d左右的杂交组合进行选择。To select main traits used on comprehensive evaluation from a large number of agronomic traits of maize for improving breeding efficiency of waxy maize, Tiannuo 182 was used as the control, genetic variation, correlation, and principal component analysis of nine agronomic traits of 60 fresh waxy maize cross combinations were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the variation coefficient of agronomic traits was 5.03%-72.03%, the variation coefficient of bald tip length was the largest and that of growth period was the smallest. The correlation analysis indicated that single ear fresh weight was extremely significantly positively correlated with ear diameter, ear row number, row grain number, ear length, and plant height. The effect was as follows: ear diameter > ear row number > row grain number > ear length > plant height. The bald tip length had a extremely significant negative correlation with single ear fresh weight, ear diameter, and row grain number. The traits of ear had association, there was a extremely significant positive correlation between ear length, ear diameter and row grain number,between ear diameter, ear row number and row grain number, and between ear row number and row grain number. There was a significant positive correlation between ear length and ear row number. Principal component analysis showed the accumulative contribution rates of the first 5 principal components reached to 87.629%. The first principal component was yield factor, it was the main index of waxy corn hybrid combination evaluation. The second, third, fourth and fifth principal component was ear height factor, bald tip length factor, growth period factor, and ear length factor respectively. Based on comprehensive evaluation with principal component analysis and fruit ear grading standards of fresh edible waxy corn, 18 excellent cross combinations of waxy maize were screened out, including J27, J61, J7, J16, J4, J14, J5, J32, J12, J13, J39, J44, J1, J60, J23, J28, J10,J24. In conclusion, selection of cross combina

关 键 词：糯玉米 杂交组合 综合评价 相关分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]