斑点叉尾鮰肠道及其养殖环境菌群结构分析  

Analysis of Microbial Community Structure of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus Intestine and Culture Water

作　　者：熊向英[1] 赵艳飞 王志成[1] XIONG Xiangying;ZHAO Yanfei;WANG Zhicheng(Guangxi Institute of Oceanology Limited Liability Company,Beihai 536000,China;Laboratory of Crustacean Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广西海洋研究所有限责任公司,广西北海536000 [2]广东海洋大学水产学院甲壳动物遗传育种与增养殖实验室,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《水产科学》2022年第4期589-596,共8页Fisheries Science

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(桂科AB18221112);北海市科技计划项目(201884028);广西科学院基本科研业务费资助项目(2019YJJ1004).

摘　　要：为探究健康斑点叉尾鮰肠道及其与养殖池塘水体中菌群结构的关系,采用16S rDNA高通量测序方法和生物信息学分析手段考察其肠道和养殖水体中微生物群落组成和多样性。多样性指数分析结果表明,斑点叉尾鮰肠道菌群丰度和菌群多样性均较养殖水体低。斑点叉尾鮰肠道中有69.57%的运算分类单元与水体中一致,水体中优势菌群主要为变形菌门、放线菌门和蓝藻门,而肠道中的优势菌群为拟杆菌门、梭杆菌门和厚壁菌门,说明肠道和养殖水体中的优势微生物种群的组成和丰度无明显的相关性,肠道中菌群组成有一定的独立性,其优势菌群结构几乎不受养殖环境菌群的影响。PICRUSt预测细菌表型发现,斑点叉尾鮰肠道中以厌氧菌和革兰氏阳性菌为主;从生物膜形成和致病潜力表型可知,肠道和水环境中均存在大量条件致病菌。试验结果表明,池塘养殖健康斑点叉尾鮰肠道微生物中的优势益生菌主要为鲸杆菌属和拟杆菌属,平均相对丰度高达36.60%和15.82%。本试验将为斑点叉尾鮰的健康养殖和益生菌的筛选提供理论依据。In order to study the structure of intestinal microflora of healthy channel catfish and its relationship with pond culture water,the composition and diversity of microbial communities were comparatively investigated in the intestinal tract and culture water by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis method.The results showed that the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora of channel catfish were lower than those of culture water through diversity index analysis.69.57%of OTUs in channel catfish was consistent with that in water.However,the dominant microorganisms in the water were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria,while the dominant microfloras in the intestinal tract were Bacteroidetes,Fusobacteria and Firmicutes.There was no significant correlation between the composition and abundance of the dominant microflora in the intestinal tract and the culture water.The composition of the intestinal microflora had certain independence,and its dominant bacterial species were almost independent of the aquaculture environment.PICRUSt prediction of the bacterial phenotype revealed that anaerobes and Gram-positive bacteria were the main bacteria in the intestinal tract of channel catfish.The biofilm formation and pathogenicity potential phenotype showed that there were a large number of opportunistic pathogens in the intestinal tract and water.In this study,the average relative abundances of Cetobacterium and Bacteroides in intestinal flora of channel catfish were 36.60%and 15.82%,indicating that the dominant probiotics in intestinal microorganism of channel catfish were mainly Cetobacterium and Bacteroides.The finding provides theoretical basis for healthy breeding of channel catfish and screening of probiotics.

关 键 词：斑点叉尾鮰 肠道菌群 高通量测序 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]