电推进飞机新型高功率密度轴向磁场永磁电机对比与分析  

Comparison and analysis of new high power density axial flux permanent magnet machine for electric propulsion aircraft

作　　者：高华敏 张卓然[1] 王晨[1] 薛涵 刘业[1] GAO Huamin;ZHANG Zhuoran;WANG Chen;XUE Han;LIU Ye(Center for More-Electric-Aircraft Power System,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学多电飞机电气系统工信部重点实验室,南京211106

出　　处：《航空学报》2022年第5期391-401,共11页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“叶企孙”联合基金重点项目(U2141223)。

摘　　要：为了实现电推进飞机电机的高功率密度和高效率,提出了一种无槽轴向磁场永磁电机,该电机在继承定子无铁心轴向磁场永磁电机高效率优势的同时,能够实现更高的功率输出能力。首先,阐述了3种轴向磁场永磁电机的拓扑结构,包括定子无铁心轴向磁场永磁电机、无槽轴向磁场永磁电机及无轭分块电枢轴向磁场永磁电机。在此基础上,分别对3种电机的绕组因数、转矩输出能力和损耗分布进行了深入分析,对其损耗产生机理和影响因素进行了研究。针对飞机推进电机应用场合,对3种电机的电磁特性进行了对比。结果表明,提出的无槽轴向磁场永磁电机具有高功率密度和高效率的优势,适合应用于电推进飞机。最后,研制了一台50 kW定子无铁心轴向磁场永磁电机原理样机,试验结果验证了理论和仿真分析方法的正确性。To achieve high power density and high efficiency of the motor in electric propulsion aircraft,this paper proposes a slotless Axial Flux Permanent Magnet(AFPM) machine,which inherits high efficiency of ironless stator AFPM machine,and achieves higher power output capability.Firstly,topologies of three kinds of AFPM machines are described,including ironless stator AFPM machine,slotless AFPM machine,and Yokeless Armature and Segmented Armature(YASA) AFPM machine.Then,the winding factor,torque output capability and loss distribution of the three kinds of machines are analyzed,and the mechanisms of losses of the machines are also studied.When used as the aircraft propulsion machine,the three machines are compared in terms of electromagnetic characteristics.The results show that the slotless AFPM machine proposed has the advantages of high power density and high efficiency,and is suitable for the electric propulsion aircraft.Finally,the prototype of a 50 kW ironless stator AFPM machine is developed,and the experimental results verify the correctness of the theory and simulation analysis method.

关 键 词：电推进飞机 轴向磁场永磁电机 无槽电机 定子无铁心电机 功率密度 

分 类 号：V11[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]