广西地区牛片形吸虫病流行病学调查及用药方案的初步探索  

Epidemiological investigation of bovine fascioliasis in Guangxi area and preliminary exploration of drug regimen

作　　者：袁湘祥 文崇利 孟震 靳纬坤 张为宇[1] 邸文达 YUAN Xiangxiang;WEN Chongli;MENG Zhen;JIN Weikun;ZHANG Weiyu;DI Wenda(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530005,China;Buffalo Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region,Nanning 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,南宁530005 [2]中国农业科学院广西壮族自治区水牛研究所,南宁530001

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第11期72-76,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0501202)。

摘　　要：为了初步了解广西地区牛片形吸虫病的流行情况及预防片形吸虫病的最佳用药方案,试验采用以大片吸虫分泌排泄产物(FgESP)及FgESP凝胶过滤层析组分F22为诊断抗原的间接ELISA方法对广西地区12个地级市进行牛片形吸虫病的流行病学调查;同时随机调查了南宁市周边7个牛场的药物驱虫方案,从针对片形吸虫进行药物驱虫的牛场中采集一定数量的血清样本检测阳性率,然后利用该牛场的驱虫药物进行药物驱虫试验,即将6头阳性水牛随机分成试验组和对照组,对试验组水牛进行一次性用药,并在用药前、用药1个月和2个月时进行间接ELISA检测和粪便虫卵检查。结果表明:广西地区牛片形吸虫的感染较为严重,以FgESP为诊断抗原的间接ELISA方法检测出的平均阳性率为57.30%;南宁市、防城港市、玉林市阳性率较高,分别为83.75%、88.75%、83.57%;柳州市、贺州市阳性率较低,分别为3.85%和6.25%。以F22为诊断抗原的间接ELISA方法检测出的平均阳性率为68.19%;南宁市、防城港市、玉林市阳性率分别为87.50%、90.00%、93.58%,柳州市、贺州市阳性率分别为10.26%和37.50%。两种诊断方法的平均符合率为83.92%。南宁市周边牛场中仅有一个牛场针对片形吸虫进行了药物驱虫,该牛场片形吸虫的感染率较低,采用的驱虫药物为硝氯酚。利用硝氯酚对试验组的3头水牛各用药1次,在用药1,2个月后试验组抗体呈阴性,抗体水平极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),粪便中未检出虫卵。说明广西地区牛片形吸虫感染严重,F22抗原可作为牛片形吸虫病的诊断抗原,硝氯酚对广西地区牛片形吸虫病有较好的驱虫效果。In order to preliminarily understand the prevalence of bovine fascioliasis in Guangxi area and the best drug regimen for the prevention of fascioliasis at present, the experiment used Fasciola gigantica excreted secretion products(FgESP) and FgESP gel filtration chromatography fraction F22 as diagnostic antigens, and an epidemiological survey of bovine fascioliasis was carried out in 12 prefecture-level cities in Guangxi area by indirect ELISA method. At the same time, the drug deworming regimen of 7 cattle farms around Nanning City was randomly investigated, and a certain number of serum samples were collected from cattle farms that were dewormed against Fasciola, and the positive rate was determined. Then the anthelmintic drugs of the cattle farms were used to conduct drug deworming test, and 6 positive buffaloes were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, and the buffaloes in the experimental group were given one-time medication, and before the medication, 1 month and 2 months after the medication ELISA test and the detection of parasite eggs in fecal were performed. The results showed that the infection of bovine Fasciola was more serious in Guangxi area;the average positive rate of indirect ELISA method with FgESP as antigen was 57.30%;the positive rate in Nanning, Fangchenggang and Yulin was 83.75% and 88.75%, 83.57%;the positive rates in Liuzhou and Hezhou were lower, which were 3.85% and 6.25% respectively. The average positive rate of indirect ELISA method with F22 as antigen was 68.19%;the positive rate in Nanning, Fangchenggang and Yulin was 87.50%, 90.00%, 93.58%;the positive rates in Liuzhou and Hezhou were 10.26% and 37.50%. The average coincidence rate of the two diagnostic methods was 83.92%. Among the cattle farms around Nanning City, only one cattle farm had carried out drug deworming against Fasciola. The infection rate of Fasciola in this cattle farm was low, and the deworming drug used was nitrochlorophenol. Three buffaloes in the experimental group were treated with nitr

关 键 词：广西地区 水牛 片形吸虫病 流行病学 驱虫方案 

分 类 号：S852.735[农业科学—基础兽医学]