低水平缩合单宁对以豆粕和苜蓿为底物的体外发酵特性的影响  

Effects of Low-Level of Condensed Tannin on in Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Soybean Meal and Medicago Sativa

作　　者：黄小乘 刘思扬[1] 田怡豪 王宣力 李成云[1,2,3] HUANG Xiaocheng;LIU Siyang;TIAN Yihao;WANG Xuanli;LI Chengyun(Agricultural College,Yanbian University,Jilin Yanji 133002,China;Development and Utilization Discipline Innovation Base of Yanbian Yellow Cattle Germplasm Resources in China,Jilin Yanji 133002,China;Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Beef Cattle Science and Technology Innovation in Northeast Cold Region,Jilin Yanji 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133002 [2]中国延边黄牛种质资源开发利用学科创新引智基地,吉林延吉133002 [3]东北寒区肉牛科技创新教育部工程研究中心,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《饲料工业》2022年第13期38-43,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目[31460620]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究低水平缩合单宁对以豆粕和苜蓿为底物的体外发酵特性的影响,以期筛选出缩合单宁的最佳添加水平,为缩合单宁作为反刍动物功能性添加剂提供科学依据。试验选用平均体重(405.1±22.9)kg的4头延边黄牛提供瘤胃液,以豆粕和苜蓿干草为底物,分别添加不同水平(0、0.3%、0.6%、0.9%)缩合单宁。采用体外培养法,测定延边黄牛瘤胃体外发酵指标。结果表明:豆粕0.9%缩合单宁添加组(以下简称豆粕0.9%组)pH显著低于豆粕对照组(P<0.05);豆粕0.9%组和豆粕0.6%组总产气量显著低于豆粕对照组和豆粕0.3%组(P<0.05),苜蓿0.9%组和苜蓿0.6%组总产气量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);各苜蓿缩合单宁添加组微生物蛋白(microbial protein,MCP)含量显著低于苜蓿对照组(P<0.05);豆粕0.9%组和苜蓿0.9%组总挥发性脂肪酸(total volatile fatty acid,TVFA)含量和乙酸含量均显著低于各自对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,豆粕0.9%组、苜蓿0.9%组显著降低了总产气量,对瘤胃膨胀病的预防有一定的作用;显著降低了TVFA的含量,可以有效预防瘤胃酸中毒;并且使MCP降低,对于过瘤胃蛋白具有一定保护效果。The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of low-level condensed tannin on in vitro fermentation characteristics of soybean meal and Medicago sativa,in order to screen out the best addition level of condensed tannin and provide a scientific basis for using condensed tannin as functional additive for ruminants.Four Yanbian yellow cattle with body weight(405.1±22.9) kg were used to provide rumen fluid.Soybean meal and Medicago sativa were added with different levels of condensed tannin(0,0.3%,0.6% and 0.9%) respectively.The in vitro rumen fermentation indexes of Yanbian yellow cattle were determined by in vitro culture method.The results showed that the pH value of soybean meal with0.9% condensed tannin supplemental group(hereinafter referred to as 0.9% group) was significantly lower than that of the soybean meal control group(P<0.05);the total gas production of soybean meal 0.9%and 0.6% groups was significantly lower than that of the control group and the soybean meal 0.3% group(P<0.05),and the total gas production of Medicago sativa 0.9% and 0.6% groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);microbial protein(MCP) content in Medicago sativa condensed tannin supplemental groups was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The contents of total volatile fatty acid(TVFA) and acetic acid in soybean meal 0.9% and Medicago sativa 0.9% groups were significantly lower than those in the relative control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,the condensed tannin in the soybean meal 0.9% group and Medicago sativa 0.9% group significantly reduced the total gas production,and had a certain effect on the prevention of rumen bloatosis;it could also significantly reduce the content of TVFA and effectively prevent rumen acidosis;moreover,it decreased MCP,which had a certain protective effect on rumen bypass protein.

关 键 词：缩合单宁 延边黄牛 瘤胃发酵参数 苜蓿 豆粕 过瘤胃蛋白 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]