菱形车架结构安全性优化设计  

Optimal Design of Diamond Frame Structure Based on Safety

作　　者：纪联南[1] 苏志航 裴存欣 吴龙[1,2,3,4] 夏泽斌 JI Lian-nan;SU Zhi-hang;PEI Cun-xin;WU Long;XIA Ze-bin(School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Sanming University,Sanming 365004,China;Fujian University Engineering Research Center of Modern Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Technology,Sanming 365004,China;Public Service Platform for Power System of Micro and Small Electric Vehicles in Fujian Province;School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350000,China)

机构地区：[1]三明学院机电工程学院,福建三明365004 [2]机械现代设计制造技术福建省高校工程研究中心,福建三明365004 [3]福建省微小型增程式电动汽车动力系统公共服务平台 [4]福建农林大学机电工程学院,福建福州350000

出　　处：《三明学院学报》2022年第3期108-116,共9页Journal of Sanming University

基　　金：福建省中青年教师教育科研专项(JAT190689)、(JAT170527);绿色成形智能装备创新团队(福建省高校创新团队发展计划)。

摘　　要：考虑整车的外部框架、内部框架,设计出一款菱形卡丁车的车架,对车架在弯曲、扭转、制动三种工况下的应变应力特性进行仿真计算。结果显示:中部车架的平面式结构承载垂直载荷的能力较差,座椅承载处位移较大,最大应力位于中部车架横梁与纵梁焊接处。针对菱形车架结构在设计方面的不足,提出将中部车架横梁与纵梁焊接处的平面式结构改为空间式结构的优化方案。优化结果显示:车架在相同工况下位移最大变形量分别下降了54.6%、10.2%、57.8%,车架结构安全性得到了提升。Considering the external frame and internal frame of the whole vehicle, a frame of a diamond-shaped kart is designed. The strain-stress characteristics of the frame under three working conditions of bending, torsion and braking are simulated and calculated. The results show that: the flat structure of the middle frame has poor vertical load bearing capacity, the displacement of the seat bearing position is large, and the maximum stress is located at the welding place between the beam and the longitudinal beam in the middle of the frame. Aiming at the deficiencies in the design of the diamond-shaped frame structure, an optimization scheme is proposed to change the plane structure of the middle frame beam and the longitudinal beam welding to a spatial structure. The optimization results show that the maximum displacement of the frame decreases by 54.6%, 10.2% and 57.8% respectively under the same working conditions and the safety of the whole vehicle is improved.

关 键 词：菱形车架 有限元 弯曲工况 扭转工况 制动工况 优化方案 

分 类 号：U489.02[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]