世界技能大赛中的主场效应及其有效利用研究——基于2001—2019年10届世界技能大赛的成绩分析  

Research on the Home Field Effect in the WorldSkills Competition and Its Effective Utilization Based on the Results of WorldSkills Competition from 2001 to 2009

作　　者：韩雨恒 徐大真[2] HAN Yu-heng;XU Da-zhen(City University of New York,New York 10031,America;Tianjin University of Technology and Education,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]纽约城市大学,美国纽约10031 [2]天津职业技术师范大学,天津300222

出　　处：《高等职业教育探索》2022年第4期24-29,共6页Higher Vocational Education Exploration

基　　金：天津市教育科学“十三五”规划重点项目“基于AHP多因子模型的世界技能大赛参赛选手心理风险管理研究”(VE1050)。

摘　　要：以世界技能大赛官网提取的2001年至2019年之间举办的10届世界技能大赛主办国的成绩为研究对象,采用主客场成绩差异性检验的方法进行数据分析,发现主办国主场比赛成绩在金牌数、奖牌数、获奖数和总得分上均显著高于其客场比赛的成绩,证明世界技能大赛存在着非常典型且稳定的主场效应;依据主场效应框架模型理论,建议充分利用主场效应中的观众人群因素,提升选手的竞赛士气;利用环境适应性因素,帮助选手主动适应竞赛环境;充分理解并合理利用竞赛规则因素,为选手做好竞赛技术准备工作;利用竞赛心理因素,做好选手的赛场心理保障工作,防止主场效应中的不利因素干扰,如分心因素、压力因素等,助力中国队在主场作战时发挥主场效应的有利因素,并在客场作战时尽量消除主场效应的不利影响。The official website of WorldSkills was used to extract the results of the WorldSkills competitions held between 2001 and 2019, and the data were analyzed by using the significance test of difference between home and away results. The result shows that the results of home competition were significantly higher in terms of the number of gold medals, medals, awards and total scores than their results of away competitions, proving that there is a significant home field effect in the WorldSkills Competition. Based on the theory of the home field effect framework model, it is recommended to make full use of the crowd factor to boost the performance of the players in the competition;using adaptative environmental factors to help players actively adapt to the competition environment;fully understand and use the factors of rules to technically prepare the players for the competition;using the psychological factors to build a safeguards against interference of adverse factors in the home field effect, such as distraction and stress, and helping the Chinese Team use the positive effects when playing at home while eliminate the negative effects when playing away from home.

关 键 词：世界技能大赛 竞赛成绩 影响因素 主场效应 

分 类 号：G719.1[文化科学—职业技术教育学]