《智力残疾青少年居家体育康复指导手册》应用性初步研究  

A pilot study of practicability of the Manual of Home-based Sport Rehabilitation for Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities

作　　者：韩超 刘肇瑞[2] 黄悦勤[2] 马超 陈红光[2] 张婷婷[2] 魏景明 李志武 仇传福 HAN Chao;LIU Zhaorui;HUANG Yueqin;MA Chao;CHEN Hongguang;ZHANG Tingting;WEI Jingming;LI Zhiwu;QIU Chuanfu(Beijing Xicheng District Pingan Hospital,Beijing 100035,China;Peking University Sixth Hospital,Peking University Institute of Mental Health,NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University),National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital),Beijing 100083,China;Fengtai Mental Health Hospital of Beijing,Beijing 100076,China;Recover(Beijing)Sports Culture Communication Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市西城区平安医院,北京100035 [2]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),北京100083 [3]北京市丰台区精神病防治院,北京100076 [4]瑞科斯(北京)体育文化传播有限公司,北京10008

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2022年第8期701-706,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：中国残联2019-2020年残疾人体育专项研究课题(2019-KFJS&006)。

摘　　要：目的:对《智力残疾青少年居家体育康复指导手册》的使用效果和可行性进行初步研究。方法:选取20例智力残疾青少年,随机分为按照《智力残疾青少年居家体育康复指导手册》中推荐活动锻炼6周的锻炼组和不参加锻炼的对照组,每组各10例。在基线和6周末对所有研究对象进行身体机能、体能和技能测试,用《残疾儿童康复训练档案》对功能进行评价。从10名锻炼组成员中选取3名青少年及其父母3人,进行个人深入访谈,对根据手册进行康复体育锻炼的可行性进行定性评价。结果:定量研究结果显示,锻炼组除爆发力外,各机能、体能和技能测试指标提高程度均高于对照组(均P<0.01),锻炼组运动、感知、认知、语言交往、生活自理和社会适应功能领域评分改善程度优于对照组(P<0.01)。多数运动测试指标变化和各功能领域变化间呈中高度相关(r=0.46~0.82,P<0.05)。定性研究结果显示,青少年及家长愿意按照手册中的体育锻炼方法进行锻炼,能够完成锻炼活动的内容,希望采取以体育指导员指导结合家长辅助的方式开展体育锻炼。结论:《智力残疾青少年居家康复体育锻炼指导手册》可接受性好,智力残疾青少年可以在指导下开展体育锻炼并取得一定效果,具有应用推广价值。Objective:To test the effect and feasibility of the Manual of Home-based Sport Rehabilitation for Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities in a pilot study.Methods:Totally 20 adolescents with intellectual disabilities were recruited and randomly divided into exercise group and control group with 10 persons in each group.Adolescents in exercise group attended sport rehabilitation for six weeks based on the recommendation in the Manual,while control group did not attend the sports activities.Evaluations were carried out at baseline and the end of the sixth week to access the physical function,physical fitness and skills,as well as the function using the rehabilitation training records for disabled children.In-depth interviews were carried out among three adolescents and three parents from the exercise group to evaluated the feasibility of sport rehabilitation using the Manual.Results:Findings from the quantitative study showed except for explosive power,the improvement of function,physical fitness and sport skills of adolescents in the exercise group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.01).The improvement of scores in the functional areas of exercise,perception,cognition,language communication,self-care and social adaptation in the exercise group were better than those in the control group(P<0.01).The changes of most indexes of physical fitness and sport skills were highly correlated with the changes of functional areas(r=0.46-0.82,Ps<0.05).The results from the qualitative study indicated that the adolescents and their parents would like to attend physical exercise in accordance with the instructions in the manual.They thought the content of exercise activities in the manual were acceptable.They preferred to carry out physical exercise under the guidance of sports instructors and with the assistance of parents.Conclusion:The manual has good acceptability and popularization value.Adolescents with intellectual disabilities could carry out sport activities in accordance with the Manual and achieve satisf

关 键 词：智力残疾 青少年 体育锻炼 康复 定量研究 定性研究 

分 类 号：G806[文化科学—运动人体科学] R455[文化科学—体育学]