Metapodials of ancient bison(Bison priscus)of northeast Russia:“stress markers,”sex and withers height  

作　　者：Irina Vladimirovna KIRILLOVA Fedor Kasperovich SHIDLOVSKIY Andrei Valerievich ZINOVIEV 

机构地区：[1]National Alliance of Shidlovskiy“Ice Age Museum,”Moscow,Russia [2]Tver State University,Tver,Russia

出　　处：《Integrative Zoology》2019年第3期270-279,共10页整合动物学（英文版）

摘　　要：A total of 175 metapodials(MP)of Pleistocene and early Holocene bison(Bison priscus Boj.)from the vast area of northeast Russia were studied.MP were attributed to males and females both visually and statistically.Data on the withers height of bison from northeast Russia are provided.Stress markers were recorded,including so-called“buttresses.”With rare exceptions,stress markers were not of a pathological nature.The origin and de­velopment of the buttresses are age-related;their prevalence in bison females can be considered as the response to an increased load during pregnancy.Changes in the periosteum,found in males,are related to their great­er activity.Buttresses are also well developed on metatarsals of the red deer and the elk;they are less developed in reindeer and not found in giant deer.A relationship among stress markers,locomotion and the environment is established.Possible peculiarities of the Rauchua River bison locomotion are discussed.

关 键 词：BISON buttressing late Pleistocene locomotion metapodia northeast Russia 

分 类 号：TS6[轻工技术与工程]