复杂环境下浅埋隧道智能减震爆破施工技术  

Construction Technology of Intelligent Shock-absorbing Blasting for Shallow-buried Tunnels in Complex Environments

作　　者：华涛 马建清 陈勇 张庆明 黄明奎[2] Hua Tao;Ma Jianqing;Chen Yong;Zhang Qingming;Huang Mingkui

机构地区：[1]重庆交通建设(集团)有限责任公司,重庆401122 [2]重庆交通大学土木工程学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《重庆建筑》2022年第7期64-66,共3页Chongqing Architecture

摘　　要：为了分析如何降低复杂环境下浅埋隧道施工的爆破振动有害效应,该文以重庆市轨道交通环线沙玉区间隧道钻爆工程为背景,研究分析了复杂环境下浅埋隧道智能减震爆破施工控制技术。首先,结合现场实际地质条件和隧道尺寸,确定了隧道围岩受力合理的分部开挖断面形状和尺寸,为爆破减震创造良好的条件;其次,在原爆破方案的基础上,采用预裂减震孔+双空孔掏槽+主爆层控制爆破等综合减震技术,解决了依托工程在爆破开挖过程中减震控制的重难点问题,取得了良好的工程施工效果;最后,利用智能爆破测震仪,同步完成掌子面、浅埋地表被保护对象爆破振动等有害参数的测定,通过智能系统处理,利用各段爆破震动波的波峰、波谷叠加原理,合理调整后续爆破各段的延迟起爆时间,有效地将依托工程的爆破震动速度降低到1.0cm/s以内,保证了隧道的掘进效率,又确保了浅层地表建筑物的安全,结果可为类似工程提供参考。In order to analyze how to reduce the harmful effects of blasting vibration in the construction of shallow-buried tunnels in complex environments,this paper took the drilling and blasting project of the Shayu Intersection Tunnel on the Chongqing Rail Transit Ring Line as a case to study the construction control technology of intelligent shock-absorbing blasting for shallow-buried tunnels in complex environments.Firstly,according to the actual geological conditions and tunnel section size,the shape and size of the excavation sub-section with reasonable stress on the surrounding rock of the tunnel were determined,which create a good condition for vibration-reduce blasting;Secondly,based on the original blasting scheme,the comprehensive vibration-reducing technologies such as pre-split shock-absorbing hole+double hollow hole cutting+controlled blasting of major blasting layers,etc.,solving the key and difficult problem of shock-absorbing control in the process of blasting excavation,and achieving remarkable results in engineering practice.Lastly,the intelligent blasting seismometer was adopted to simultaneously measure the harmful parameters such as the blasting vibration of the tunnel surface and the protected objects on the shallow-buried surface.Through the processing of the intelligent system,the superposition principle of peaks and troughs of blasting shock waves in each section was used to reasonably adjust the delayed blasting time of each section in subsequent blasting,effectively reducing the blasting vibration speed of the supporting project to less than 1.0 cm/s,which not only ensures the efficiency of tunneling,but also guarantee the safety of buildings on shallow surface.It can provide valuable reference for similar projects in the future.

关 键 词：浅埋隧道 智能减震 钻爆开挖 爆破震动速度 

分 类 号：U455.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]