种植模式与管理措施对黄土高原紫花苜蓿、高羊茅草地产量、品质和水分利用的影响  

Effects of Planting Patterns and ManagementMeasures on the Yield, Quality and Water UseEfficiency of Artificial Grassland in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：马琦 杨利烨 石薇 常生华[1] 贾倩民 侯扶江[1] MA Qi;YANG Li-ye;SHI Wei;CHANG Sheng-hua;JIA Qian-min;HOU Fu-jiang(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems/Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2022年第7期61-69,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2020BBF02013);兰州大学“双一流”引导专项-队伍建设-科研启动费(561119204);2018年度甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目(18ZD2FA009)。

摘　　要：研究不同种植模式(AT:紫花苜蓿和高羊茅混播;A:紫花苜蓿单播;T:高羊茅单播)和管理措施(N1M1:不施氮,每25d刈割;N1M2:不施氮,每50d刈割;N1M3:不施氮,紫花苜蓿初花期刈割;N2M1:施氮,每25d刈割;N2M2:施氮,每50d刈割;N2M3:施氮,紫花苜蓿初花期刈割)对黄土高原紫花苜蓿和高羊茅草地产量、品质和水分利用的影响,结果表明:AT处理的鲜干草产量、粗蛋白产量和水分利用效率(WUE)显著高于A和T(P<0.05),其中干草产量分别提高了22.10%和108.80%,粗蛋白产量分别提高了25.70%和218.40%,WUE分别提高了6.79%和85.70%。AT处理的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量显著低于T处理(P<0.05),使相对饲用价值(RFV)显著提高。N2M1处理下粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量、WUE及3种草地的鲜干草产量显著提高。综上,AT-N2M1是一种适于黄土高原地区紫花苜蓿、高羊茅人工草地的管理措施。To explore effects of planting patterns and management measures on the yield,quality and water use efficiency of artificial grassland,a split-plot experiment was conducted in the Loess Plateau.This experiment included three types of planting patterns:alfalfa single-sowing(A),tall fescue single-sowing(T)and mixed sowing of alfalfa and tall fescue(AT),six management measures under each type of grass plot:N1M1:cutting every 25 days without nitrogen application;N1M2:cutting every 50 days without nitrogen application;N1M3:cutting at flowering period without nitrogen application;N2M1:cutting every 25 days with nitrogen application;N2M2:cutting every 50 days with nitrogen application;N2M3:cutting at flowering period with nitrogen application.The results showed that fresh and hay yield,crude protein yield,and water use efficiency(WUE)of AT treatment were significantly higher than those of A and T(P<0.05).The hay yield increased by 22.10%and 108.80%compared with A and T,the crude protein yield increased by 25.70%and 218.40%,respectively.WUE increased by 6.79%and 85.70%respectively.The contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fibre(ADF)in AT treatment were significantly lower than those in T treatment(P<0.05),which significantly increased the relative feed value(RFV).The content of crude protein,crude fat,WUE and the yield of fresh and hay under three planting patterns were significantly increase under N2M1 treatment.In summary,AT-N2M1 is a management measure suitable for artificial grassland of alfalfa and tall fescue in the Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：施氮 刈割频率 产量 品质 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]