网络新词“上头”“下头”的语义演变  

The Semantic Evolution of the Network Neologism"Shangtou(上头)"and"Xiatou(下头)"

作　　者：吴玲竹 何亮[1] WU Lingzhu;HE Liang(School of Literature, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学文学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《绵阳师范学院学报》2022年第7期63-70,共8页Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“二十世纪以来汉语书面语的构建与发展研究”(19XJA74000)。

摘　　要：网络新词“上头”来源于动词“喝酒后引起头晕、头疼”,通过隐喻发展出“失去理智,冲动”义,后由于焦点事件语义泛化,产生“沉迷,喜爱”义;在句中常做定语、谓语和补语,句法位置上由动词向形容词虚化;随着语义的发展,其感情色彩也由贬义演变为褒义,具有强烈的主观评价义,夸张的修辞功能和丰富的表情功能。在“正反对称”语言补充机制的作用下,带有否定色彩的“下头”一词也随之产生。The network neologism"Shangtou"(上头)comes from the verb"dizziness and headache after drinking"which develops the meaning of"irrational and impulse"through metaphor.Later,it produces the meaning of"indulgence and love"due to focus events and semantic generalization."Shangtou"is often used as attributive,predicate and complement.The syntactic position is changed from verb to adjective.With the development of semantics,its sentimental color has also changed from derogatory to commendatory,with strong subjective evaluation,exaggerated rhetoric functions and rich expression functions.Under the action of the language supplement mechanism of"positive and negative symmetry",the word"Xiatou"(下头)of negative color came into being.

关 键 词：“上头” “下头” 隐喻 语义泛化 主观化 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]