论民事在线诉讼中的当事人程序选择权--以《人民法院在线诉讼规则》为视角  

Litigants’Right of Procedural Selection in Civil Online Litigation:From the Perspective of Online Litigation Rules of the People’s Court

作　　者：杨焘 YANG Tao(School of Law,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期170-178,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics：Social Sciences edition Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(16AFX013)。

摘　　要：中国民事在线诉讼建设具有鲜明的新时代特色,始终坚持司法为民、司法利民,程序主体原则、处分原则和“以人民为中心”理念指导下的在线诉讼程序选择权,有利于人民程序利益最大化,回应了人民的多元利益诉求。民事在线诉讼仍以诉讼为本质,其程序选择权的法律性质仍属于程序形成权,应当尊重当事人意志自由。而当前民事在线诉讼制度设计和实践运行皆存在程序选择权不充分、程序异议机制不健全、程序选择权保障机制不健全等困境,亟待通过合理限定程序选择权、健全程序异议机制和健全程序选择权保障机制,助力民事在线诉讼在未来发展路径上尊重当事人程序选择权之诉讼规律,增强制度设计的科学化与精细化。The construction of civil online litigation in China has distinctive characteristics of the new era.The litigants’right of procedural selection in civil online litigation should always adhere to the principle of justice for the people and justice favorable to the people,and be conducive to maximizing the people’s procedural interests and meeting their multiple interest demands under the guidance of the principle of procedural subject,principle of disposition and the“people-centered”concept.Civil online litigation takes litigation as its essence,and the legal nature of the right of procedural selection still belongs to the right of procedural formation,so the freedom of the will of the litigants should be respected.However,the design and practice of current civil online litigation system are in the difficulty of insufficient right of procedural selection,imperfect mechanism of procedural objection and unsound guarantee mechanism of the right of procedural selection.Therefore,in the future development,it is urgent to make civil online litigation follow the litigation law of respecting the litigants’right of procedural selection,and enhance the scientization and refinement of the system design by reasonably limiting the litigants’right of procedural selection,and improving the mechanism of procedural objection and guarantee mechanism of procedural selection.

关 键 词：在线诉讼 程序主体原则 以人民为中心 程序选择权 程序转化 程序异议权 

分 类 号：DF72[政治法律—诉讼法学] DF718[政治法律—法学]