腮腺良性肿瘤诊断、手术方式及常见并发症的预防与处理  

Diagnosis and surgical approach of parotid gland benign tumors and treatment of common complications

作　　者：潘朝斌[1] 林钊宇[1] PAN Chaobin;LIN Zhaoyu(Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yatsen University,Guangzhou 510120,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院口腔颌面外科,广东广州510120

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2022年第11期761-768,共8页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82072988,81903045);广东省自然科学基金项目(2022A1515012173)。

摘　　要：腮腺良性肿瘤是头颈部较为常见的肿瘤,手术切除是其最主要的治疗方式。针对腮腺不同部位的良性肿瘤,可根据肿瘤的类型、大小、位置、与面神经的关系及患者对美观的要求等因素综合考虑采用不同的手术入路设计及切除方式,如改良耳周切口、改良面部除皱切口等,以达到最佳的治疗效果。在腮腺良性肿瘤切除术中,应尽可能保护面神经、耳大神经及腮腺导管,以保留面神经及腺体功能、降低术后并发症。此外,针对腮腺肿瘤切除术后常见的并发症,如面神经损伤、涎瘘、Frey综合征、术后面部凹陷、耳周感觉异常、复发等,应在术中积极预防,并在术后早期干预,在确保完整切除肿瘤的前提下尽量减少术后并发症对患者生活质量的影响。Benign tumors of the parotid gland are common tumors of the head and neck.Surgical resection is considered the main treatment.For the treatment of benign parotid tumors,different surgical approaches can be applied based on many factors,such as tumor type,size,location,depth of tumor and patient requirements,such as improved periauricular incision and improved facial wrinkle removal incision,to achieve the best therapeutic effect.In parotidectomy,the facial nerve,great auricular nerve and parotid duct should be protected as much as possible to preserve the function of the nerve and gland and reduce postoperative complications.In addition,complications after parotidectomy,such as facial nerve injury,salivary fistula,Frey syndrome,postoperative facial depression,abnormal ear sensation and recurrence,should be actively prevented and treated early after the operation,consequently minimizing the impact on patients'postoperative life and improving patients'satisfaction with the operation.

关 键 词：腮腺 良性肿瘤 诊断 手术切除 手术入路 Blair切口 改良耳周切口 改良面部除皱切口 腮腺浅叶切除 腮腺浅叶部分切除 并发症 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]