论继承中居住权的登记效力与特殊主体利益保护  

On the Registration Effect and the Interest Protection of Special Subjects for the Residence Right in Inheritance

作　　者：李嘉辉 LI Jiahui(School of Law,Central University of Finance and Economics,Haidian,Beijing,100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学法学院,北京海淀100081

出　　处：《西安石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期93-99,共7页Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：《民法典》规定,以遗嘱方式设立居住权需要参照合同设立方式,这一概括式规定无法适应社会生活和司法裁判的复杂需要。横向对比其他用益物权,明确遗嘱设立居住权应采取登记生效主义。继承过程中的居住权变动,应分为两个阶段来确定,并进一步细分遗嘱与遗赠设立居住权的权利变动规则。通过探讨遗嘱设立居住权与遗产债务、胎儿必留份的关系处理方式,确定居住权设立不得损害债权人利益、优先保护胎儿利益的原则。厘清上述继承中设立居住权所产生的特殊问题,有助于构建完善的居住权制度,促进民法体系的内部协调。The Civil Code stipulates that the establishment of residency by will needs to be established by reference to the contract,which cannot meet the complex needs of social life and judicial judgment.Compared with other usufructuary rights,it is clear that the right of residence established by will should adopt the principle of registration and effectiveness.The change of residency in the process of inheritance should be divided into two stages,and the rules of the change of residency in wills and bequests should be further subdivided.By discussing the way to deal with the relationship between the establishment of the right of abode in the will,the legacy debt,and the fetus who must be reserved,the principle that the establishment of the right of abode should not damage the interests of creditors and give priority to the protection of the interests of the fetus is determined.A clear understanding of special problems arising from the establishment of residency in the above inheritance will help to build a perfect residency system and promote the internal coordination of the civil law system.

关 键 词：居住权 遗嘱 登记效力 遗产债务 胎儿 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]