低纬高原甘蔗锈病病原菌鉴定及系统进化分析  

Identification of sugarcane rust pathogens and their phylogenetic analysis in low latitude plateau of Yunnan

作　　者：王晓燕[1] 李文凤[1] 张荣跃[1] 单红丽[1] 李婕 李银煳 黄应昆 WANG Xiao-yan;LI Wen-feng;ZHANG Rong-yue;SHAN Hong-li;LI Jie;LI Yin-hu;HUANG Ying-kun(Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远661699

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第6期1333-1339,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-170303);云南省农业基础研究联合专项项目(2018FG001-029);“云岭产业技术领军人才”培养项目(2018LJRC56);云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(YNGZTX-4-92)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确低纬高原云南蔗区甘蔗锈病病原种类、发生分布特征、病原间及其与柄锈菌属其他锈菌的系统进化关系。【方法】通过症状观察,病原形态特征观察和分子检测对采自云南不同蔗区的57份锈病样品进行病原鉴定;并构建NJ树分析甘蔗锈病病原与其他柄锈菌的系统进化关系。【结果】云南勐海海引1号4份锈病样品的夏孢子堆桔黄色,夏孢子梨形,栗褐色或金黄色,表面有刺,壁顶端加厚10μm,大小为(25~50)μm×(16~35)μm,具4~5个芽孔。核苷酸序列与已报道的屈恩柄锈菌(GU058021)同源性在99.9%以上,表明这些锈病样品是由屈恩柄锈菌引起的甘蔗黄锈病;其余53份锈病样品的夏孢子堆棕红色,夏孢子球形,棕色至深棕色,表面布满小刺,壁四周均匀加厚,大小为(20~40)μm×(13~25)μm,芽孔多4个;侧丝无色,匙形。核苷酸序列与已报道的黑顶柄锈菌(GU058001)同源性在99.8%以上,表明这些锈病样品都是由黑顶柄锈菌引起的甘蔗褐锈病。系统进化树显示,文章获得的4条屈恩柄锈菌与Puccinia polysora(GU058024)聚为1组,遗传关系近;53条黑顶柄锈菌与P.nakanishikii(GU058002)、P.rufipes(AJ296545)、Aecidium deutziae(KU309317)和P.coronata(DQ354526)等柄锈菌属锈菌聚为1组,遗传关系近;而2种甘蔗锈病菌的遗传关系相对较远。【结论】在低纬高原云南蔗区首次发现引起甘蔗黄锈病的屈恩柄锈菌,并证实引起褐锈病的黑顶柄锈菌是低纬高原甘蔗锈病的主要病原。【Objective】This research focused on the pathogens,occurrence and distribution of sugarcane rust disease in low latitude plateau of Yunnan,and phylogenetic relationships between sugarcane rust fungi and other rust fungi of Pucciniaceae.【Method】The pathogens of sugarcane rust disease collected from different planting areas in Yunnan were identified based on symptoms observation,urediniospore morphology observation and molecular detection.The phylogenetic relationships between sugarcane rust fungi and other rust fungi of Pucciniaceae were analyzed by constructing the Neighbor-joining(NJ)tree.【Result】The uredinium of four sugarcane rust samples of Haiyin1 collected from Menghai,Yunnan were orange,their urediniospores were pyriform,cinnamon-brown or golden yellow in color,with thorns on the surface,and thickened apex by 10μm,with four to five equatorial pores as(25-50)μm×(16-35)μm.Their nucleotide sequence shared more than 99.9%sequence identity with an isolate of Puccinia kuehnii(GU058021),which indicated that these four rust samples might accounted for sugarcane orange rust disease;And the pathogen were identified as P.kuehnii.The uredinium of other 53 sugarcane rust samples were reddish-brown,their urediniospores were spherical,red-brown or dark brown with numerous small spines,comprised of a uniform thickness of the entire wall,containing colorless and cochlear-form paraphysis,with four or fewer equatorial pores measuring(20-40)μm×(13-25)μm.Their nucleotide sequence was more than 99.8%similar with that of an isolate of P.melanocephala(GU058001),which indicated that all of the other 53 rust samples might accounted for sugarcane brown rust disease,and were identified as P.melanocephala.The phylogenetic tree showed that four P.kuehnii isolates and P.polysora(GU058024)were clustered into one group,showing that their phylogenetic relationship was close.Fifty-three P.melanocephala isolates were closely related to P.nakanishikii(GU058002),P.rufipes(AJ296545),Aecidium deutziae(KU309317)and P.coronata(DQ

关 键 词：甘蔗锈病 病原鉴定 黑顶柄锈菌 屈恩柄锈菌 系统进化 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]