强化饮食干预对海洛因依赖者并高血压病脱毒期间血压的影响  

Influence of intensive dietary intervention on the blood pressure of hypertensive heroin addicts during the detoxification period

作　　者：潘丽珍 陈凤英[2] PAN Li-zhen;CHEN Feng-ying(Xiamen Xianyue Hospital,Xiamen 361012,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361001,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门市仙岳医院,厦门361012 [2]厦门大学附属第一医院,厦门361001

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2022年第3期198-201,共4页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

摘　　要：目的 探讨强化饮食干预对海洛因依赖并高血压病脱毒期间血压的影响。方法 选取厦门市第一强制隔离戒毒所2016年1月—2020年1月期间收治的强制隔离戒毒人员海洛因依赖者合并高血压60例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组采用降血压药物治疗及每天半小时慢跑,观察组在采用降压药物治疗及每天半小时慢跑的基础上给予强化饮食干预。强化饮食干预措施包括给予高血压饮食健康宣教、实行DASH(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)饮食模式、重点强调低脂、低盐、低糖增加蔬菜、水果、富含钾、钙、纤维素等食物。干预前后评价患者饮食治疗依从性,并测定体重指数、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯。比较两组患者在脱毒期3个月治疗前后血压控制情况。结果 对照组在脱毒期3个月治疗前后血压控制不理想(P>0.05),观察组脱毒期3个月治疗前后血压控制满意(P<0.01)。比较两组干预前后体重指数、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯的变化。干预前观察组与对照组的体重指数、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后观察组与对照组的体重指数、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。干预后观察组对饮食治疗依从性的优良率显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论 对海洛因依赖合并高血压病患者采用降压药物治疗及在运动疗法基础上给予强化饮食干预,优于单纯降压药物治疗及运动疗法。Objective To examine the influence of intensive dietary intervention on the blood pressure of hypertensive heroin addicts during the detoxification period. Methods The research data is drawn from sixty cases of hypertensive heroin-withdrawn addicts in Xiamen Compulsory Rehabilitation Centers from January 2016 to January 2020. The subjects are divided into the experimental and control groups randomly, consisting of thirty people each. The control group takes antihypertensive drugs and run for half an hour every day. The experimental group′s diet is intervened under the condition that the subjects take the antihypertensives and run for half an hour every day. The diet control measures include education of maintaining a healthy diet for the hypertensive, implementing the DASH eating pattern, emphasizing on low-fat, low-sodium, and low-sugar diet, while advocating potassium-rich, calcium-rich, and high-fibre food. The study evaluates patient compliance, and measures weight, serum total cholesterol, and triglyceride. It compares the result of blood pressure control in the two groups before and after the three-month detoxification. Results The control group demonstrates unsatisfactory blood pressure control before and after the three-month detoxification(P>0.05), whilst the experimental group showcases effective hypertension control(P<0.01). The study compares variance of the weight, serum total cholesterol, and triglyceride before and after intervention. Before the intervention, the difference of weight, serum total cholesterol, and triglyceride between the experimental group and the control group have no statistical meaning(P>0.05). After intervention, they contain statistical meaning(P<0.01), and the patient compliance rate of the experimental group is conspicuously higher than the control group(P<0.01). Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that the intensive dietary intervention of hypertensive heroin-withdrawn addicts based on antihypertensives and physical exercise is more effective than mere dependenc

关 键 词：强化饮食干预 高血压 海洛因依赖 脱毒期 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]