低温烧结碳化硅陶瓷分离膜的制备及其油水分离性能  

Low-Temperature Preparation of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane for Oil-in-Water Separation

作　　者：付锦绣 翟凤瑞[2] 李双[1] FU Jinxiu;ZHAI Fengrui;LI Shuang(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255049,Shandong,China;Honghe University,Mengzi 661199,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,山东淄博255049 [2]红河学院,云南蒙自661199

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2022年第6期1572-1581,共10页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020MEM027和ZR2020MEM026)资助。

摘　　要：碳化硅陶瓷分离膜具有高亲水性、耐化学腐蚀、抗膜污染等优异性能,在大宗废水、强腐蚀废水、高温废水等的高效处理中受到广泛的关注。然而,碳化硅是典型的强共价键化合物,碳化硅陶瓷膜制备过程具有烧结温度高、制备能耗大等问题。本文采用优选的低熔点化合物作为烧结助剂,经1000℃烧结制备了高强度、孔径均匀的碳化硅陶瓷分离膜。研究了烧结助剂含量对碳化硅陶瓷膜微观结构、孔径分布、相组成及油水分离性能等的影响。研究表明,低熔点烧结助剂连接碳化硅颗粒形成陶瓷的骨架结构,随着烧结助剂含量从10%(质量分数)增加到30%,碳化硅陶瓷膜的孔隙率从42%降低到35%,同时平均孔径从3.5μm降低到2.1μm,成孔模式由碳化硅颗粒堆积过渡到烧结助剂成孔。纯水实验表明,烧结助剂含量为30%时,随着跨膜压差从0.2 bar增加到0.5 bar碳化硅陶瓷膜的分离通量从120 L/(m^(2)·h)增加到306 L/(m^(2)·h);油水分离实验表明,当跨膜压力差为0.2 bar时碳化硅陶瓷膜的截留率和分离通量分别为93.3%和123 L/(m^(2)·h)。Silicon carbide ceramic membranes can be used in various water and wastewater treatments due to their high hydrophility,and superior chemical and thermal resistances.However,their applications are restricted due to some corresponding problems like high sintering temperature and then the high production cost.In this work,a low-temperature aid(LTA)bonded SiC ceramic symmetric membrane was sintered at 1000℃.The results show that LTA bonded SiC particles to form a skeleton of the symmetric membrane.The porosity of the membrane decreases from 42%to 35%and the average pore size decreases from 3.5μm to 2.1μm with the increase of LTA content from 10%(mass fraction)to 30%.Based on the results of the separation test on oil-in-water emulsion,the oil rejection and flow flux are 93.3%and 123 L/(m^(2)·h)at the trans-membrane pressure of 0.2 bar,respectively.This study provides a low sintering temperature and energy saving strategy for the preparation of SiC ceramic membrane.

关 键 词：碳化硅 气孔率 陶瓷膜 油水分离 烧结助剂 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]