早孕期超声测量前额空间比在筛查染色体异常中的应用  

Application of prefrontal space ratio during early pregnancy in screening for chromosomal abnormalities

作　　者：张俊[1] 张迎春[2] 邓学东[1] 孙玲玲[1] 潘琦[1] 殷林亮[1] ZHANG Jun;ZHANG Ying-chun;DENG Xue-dong;SUN Ling-ling;PAN Qi;YIN Lin-liang(Center for Medical Ultrasound,Affilialed Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medico!University,Suzhou Municipal Hopital,Suzhou Jiangsu 215000,China;Ultrasound Center,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215004,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属苏州医院苏州市立医院超声中心,江苏苏州215000 [2]苏州大学附属第二医院超声中心,江苏苏州215004

出　　处：《中国临床医学影像杂志》2022年第7期489-492,共4页Journal of China Clinic Medical Imaging

摘　　要：目的:探讨早孕期超声测量前额空间比应用于筛查胎儿染色体异常的可行性,比较前额空间比在整倍体胎儿与染色体异常胎儿之间的差异。方法:选取42例染色体异常胎儿作为病例组,同期925例整倍体胎儿作为对照组。在早孕期超声筛查时于胎儿正中矢状切面测量前额空间比,在下颌骨前缘中点与上颌骨前缘中点间画一直线并延长至前额,为下颌-上颌线,测量额骨前缘至皮肤的距离(d1)及前额皮肤外缘至下颌-上颌线的截距(d2),计算两者的比值(d2/d1)。比较前额空间比在对照组与病例组之间的差异。结果:对照组与病例组胎儿前额空间比与胎龄均无显著相关性。染色体异常胎儿的前额空间比(0.39±0.34)明显低于整倍体胎儿(0.66±0.23)(P<0.01),早孕期前额空间比筛查胎儿染色体异常的假阳性率为4.5%时,检出率为70%。结论:前额空间比作为超声软指标应用于早孕期筛查胎儿染色体异常简便、有效、可重复。Objective: To explore the feasibility of first-trimester measurement of prefrontal space ratio(PFSR) in screening for fetal chromosomal abnormalities and to compare the differences of PFSR between euploid fetuses and aneuploid fetuses.Methods: Forty-two fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities were enrolled in the case group and 925 euploid fetuses were enrolled in the control group. The PFSR was obtained at the fetal median sagittal section. We drew a straight line from the midpoint of the anterior margin of the mandible to the midpoint of the anterior margin of the maxillary and extended it to the forehead, called mandibular-maxillary line. We measured the distance from the frontal edge to the skin(d1) and the intercept of the outer edge of the forehead skin to the mandibular-maxillary line(d2), and the ratio(d2/d1) was calculated. The PFSR was also compared between the control group and the case group. Results: There was no significant correlation between PSFR and gestational age in both control group and case group. The PFSR in fetuses with chromosome abnormalities(0.39 ±0.34) was significantly lower than those in euploid fetuses(0.66±0.23)(P<0.01). When the false positive rate was 4.5%, the detection rate was 70% using PSFR in screening for fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities during early pregnancy. Conclusion: As an ultrasound maker, measurement of the PFSR would be a simple, effective and reproducible method for screening fetal chromoso-mal abnormalities during early pregnancy.

关 键 词：胎儿 染色体畸变 超声检查 产前 

分 类 号：R714.55[医药卫生—妇产科学] R445_1[医药卫生—临床医学]