下户出钱:宋代南方水利募捐主体的再认识  

The Money Comes from the Next Account:Reconceptualizing the Main Body of Water Fundraising in Southern Song Dynasty

作　　者：祁琛云[1] 苗书梅[1] QI Chen-yun;MIAO Shu-mei(School of History and Culture,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001)

机构地区：[1]河南大学历史文化学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《中国农史》2022年第3期77-86,共10页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“古代中国乡村治理与社会秩序研究”(18ZDA171)。

摘　　要：两宋时期,基层农田水利建设资金以民众自筹为重要来源,而从事农业生产的乡村下层民众是水利兴修经费的主要承担者。水利设施周边的食利民户及其他名不见经传的基层民众,通过参与地方政府主导的官民共筹、民众分摊建设经费、向官府或私人借贷及自发集资等方式,被动或主动地参与基层农田水利设施建设经费的筹措。正是在广大下层普通民众的大力支持下,尽管宋代地方政府财政普遍紧张,但农田水利事业却始终保持着持续向好的发展势头。During the Song dynasty,people raised their own funds to finance the construction of water conservancy at the grassroots level,and the general public engaged in agricultural production were the main contributors to the cost of water conservancy construction.The people in the vicinity of the water facilities and other unknown people at the grassroots level are actively or passively involved in financing the construction of water conservation facilities at the grassroots level by participating in local government-led public-private funding,sharing the cost of construction work,borrowing from the government or private individuals and raising funds on their own initiative.It was with the strong support of the general public that,despite the general financial constraints of local governments during the Song dynasty,the grassroots farmland water conservancy project continued to gain momentum.

关 键 词：宋代 农田水利 众筹 南方民众 水利资金 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]