UV-C照射对草莓炭疽病3种致病菌生活力和致病力的影响  

Influences of ultraviolet C radiation on the viability and pathogenicity of three Colletotrichum spp.causing strawberry anthracnose

作　　者：凌彬 纪颖 白云[1,2] 朱家君 陈思宇 李紫溢 段可 高清华[2] LING Bin;JI Ying;BAI Yun;ZHU Jiajun;CHEN Siyu;LI Ziyi;DUAN Ke;GAO Qinghua(College of Food Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Forest&Fruit Tree Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;School of Ecological Technology and Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所,上海201403 [3]上海应用技术大学生态技术与工程学院,上海201418

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第4期203-210,285,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(2019-02-08-00-08-F01108)。

摘　　要：炭疽病是草莓种植中普遍发生、危害严重的病害之一,而UV-C对真菌的生长繁殖有极大的影响。为了探究UV-C辐照对引起草莓炭疽病的3种主要病原菌生长和致病力影响的差异,以果生炭疽菌Colletotrichum fructicola、胶孢炭疽菌C.gloeosporioides和暹罗炭疽菌C.siamense为供试菌,分析UV-C辐照对其分生孢子存活、菌丝生长和产孢能力及对草莓叶片致病力的影响。结果显示,在105~420 J/m^(2)辐照剂量(辐照30~120 s)范围内,3种炭疽菌孢子的相对存活率对UV-C辐照剂量的响应存在显著差异,C.gloeosporioides的耐受性最强,C.fructicola最为敏感,辐照剂量420 J/m^(2)(辐照120 s)下,3种炭疽菌孢子的相对存活率在4%或以下,接近分生孢子的致死剂量。840~1260 J/m^(2)辐照剂量(辐照4~6 min)下,C.fructicola与C.gloeosporioides菌丝生长对UV-C辐照的耐受性相当;1680~2520 J/m^(2)辐照剂量(辐照8~12 min)下,3种炭疽菌对不同时间的UV-C辐照的耐受性存在差异。C.gloeosporioides菌丝产孢对UV-C辐照最敏感,C.siamense最耐受,C.fructicola在辐照剂量1260 J/m^(2)(辐照6 min)时产孢量较辐照2 min和4 min明显上升。3种炭疽病菌的致病力与其对UV-C的耐受性没有明显相关性。本研究为我国草莓炭疽病的非化学农药控制探索了新途径。Anthracnose is one of the main diseases that commonly occur and cause serious damage in strawberry planting,and ultraviolet C(UV-C)has a great influence on the growth and reproduction of fungi.To explore the differences in the influences of UV-C irradiation on the growth and pathogenicity of three dominant pathogens causing strawberry anthracnose,Colletotrichum fructicola,C.gloeosporioides and C.siamense were used to analyze their responses to UV-C irradiation in conidial viability,colony development,hyphal sporulation ability,and pathogenicity to strawberry after exposure to UV-C radiation.The results showed that,when the dose of UV-C irradiation ranged between 105-420 J/m^(2)(irradiation duration:30-120 s),there was a significant difference in the relative survival rate of conidia among three Colletotrichum species.C.gloeosporioides was most tolerant to UV-C irradiation,and C.fructicola was most sensitive.The relative survival rate of conidia of three species was less than 4%after UV-C irradiation at a dose of 420 J/m^(2)(irradiation duration:120 s),approximately a lethal dose for conidia.When the dose of UV-C radiation was between 840-1260 J/m^(2)(irradiation duration:4-6 min),C.fructicola and C.gloeosporioides displayed similar tolerance to UV-C in colony development.However,under higher irradiation doses of 1680-2520 J/m^(2)(irradiation duration:8-12 min),these Colletotrichum species varied greatly in colony development.As for the ability of hyphal sporulation,C.gloeosporioides was most sensitive to UV-C irradiation;C.siamense was most tolerant,and the sporulation of C.fructicola had a obvious recovery after irradiation at a dose of 1260 J/m^(2)(irradiation duration:6 min).The pathogenicity of Colletotrichum species was not significantly related to their tolerance to UV-C irradiation.This study provides some clues for exploring novel approaches for non-chemical control of strawberry anthracnose in the future.

关 键 词：草莓炭疽病 胶孢炭疽菌复合种 分生孢子 UV-C辐照 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]