不同生长天数‘热研4号’王草青贮品质和微生物群落多样性研究  

Study on the Silage Quality and Microbial Community Diversity of‘Reyan No.4’King Grass Harvested at Different Growth Days

作　　者：龙仕和 李雪枫[2] 潘俊歆 常晔 史孟丽 黄乃馨 崔智海 王坚[1] LONG Shi-he;LI Xue-feng;PAN Jun-xin;CHANG Ye;SHI Meng-li;HUANG Nai-xin;CUI Zhi-hai;WANG Jian(College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, China;College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学动物科技学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南大学林学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《草地学报》2022年第7期1900-1908,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860682);海南省自然科学基金项目(321RC471);海南大学科研启动基金项目(KYQD-ZR1996)资助。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同生长天数的‘热研4号’王草的青贮发酵品质和微生物群落多样性。选取生长90(KM90S),110(KM110S)和130 d(KM130S)的王草,分别在青贮1,3,7,14和30 d后开袋对青贮料的发酵品质进行测定,并对青贮30 d后的青贮饲料进行微生物群落多样性分析。结果表明:在青贮过程中,3组王草的干物质(DM)和可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量显著降低(P<0.05),KM110S组的pH下降速度和乳酸(LA)含量增加速度最快。青贮结束后,KM110S组的pH最低,LA含量最高(P<0.05),KM90S组的NH3-N含量最高(P<0.05)。变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和肠杆菌属(unclassified Enterobacteriaceae)分别是王草青贮中的优势菌门和优势菌属。KM110S组在属水平上的乳酸菌相对丰度高于KM90S和KM130S组。由此可见,生长天数显著影响王草的青贮发酵品质和微生物组成多样性,与生长90和130 d的王草相比,生长110 d的王草青贮发酵品质更好。The objective of this study was to investigate the fermentation quality and microbial community diversity of‘Reyan No.4’king grass harvested at different growth days.In this study,Reyan No.4 King grass at the growth stages of 90 d(KM90S),110 d(KM110S)and 130 d(KM130S)were chosen as research materials.The nutrient composition and attached microorganisms of fresh king grass were analyzed after harvest,and then fresh forage was made into silage and fermented in vacuum-sealed polyethylene bags at room temperature.Samples ensiled 1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d,and 30 d were collected to analyze fermentation profile.In addition,30 d silages were collected to analyze microbial community diversity.The results showed that the contents of dry matter(DM)and water-soluble carbohydrates(WSC)in all silage significantly decreased during ensiling(P<0.05).The KM110S silage had the fastest rate in pH reduction and lactic acid(LA)content cumulation during ensiling process,followed by KM90S and KM130S.After 30 d of ensiling,the KM110S had the lowest pH value and the highest LA content compared to KM90S and KM130S(P<0.05);the highest amount of NH3-N appeared in the KM90S 30 d silage(P<0.05).Proteobacteria was the dominant phyla in king grass silage,whereas unclassified Enterobacteriaceae was predominant in genus level;the KM110S had the highest abundance of lactic acid bacteria in genus level than KM90S and KM110S.These results indicated that the growth periods had markable effect on fermentation quality and microbial diversity of king grass silage.The silage quality of king grass grown for 110 d was better than 90 d and 130 d.

关 键 词：生长天数 王草青贮 发酵品质 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]