现代家事程序专门立法的三大关系  

The Three Major Relationships about the Modern Special Legislation on Family Procedure

作　　者：丁宝同[1] Ding Baotong(School of Southwest University of Political Science and Law)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学法学院

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2022年第3期161-176,共16页Journal of National Prosecutors College

基　　金：西南政法大学校级重点科研项目“家事案件合并审判程序研究”(2017XZZD-14);中国法学会2017年度部级法学研究课题“家事案件之二元分化与合并审判研究”(CLS2017D133)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：域外家事程序现代化进程包含决定性的三重立法关系:第一,对家事实体与家事程序两类制度规范间之立法关系的不同定位,导致两大法系家事法制体系构造的分野,推动大陆法系家事程序专门立法形成;第二,对家事程序与民事程序两套规则体系间之立法关系的不同定位,导致家事程序专门立法模式的演变,推动家事程序单行立法模式的主流化扩张进程;第三,对家事诉讼与家事非讼两个审判轨道间之立法关系的不同定位,导致单行立法模式下家事程序构造的分化,造就三种代表性家事程序单行法例。我国未来应立足《民法典》对家事法制体系构造的定位,选择单行立法模式,制定《家事案件特别程序法》。该法应采取家事诉讼与家事非讼并立协行的程序构造,根据《民法典》完成“二元两级”的家事案件系统分类,建立“双轨四层”的家事程序规则体系。In the modernization process of foreign family procedure,there have been three decisive legislative relationships.The first one is the relationship between two types of institutional norms named Family Entity and Family Procedure,which brought about the logical difference on systemic structures of family law between Case Law System and Civil Law System and gave impetus to the formation of special legislation on family procedure in Civil Law System.The second one is the relationship between two sets of rules named Family Procedure and Civil Procedure,which led to the evolution of models of special legislation on family procedure in Civil Law System and drove the mainstreaming process of the legislation model of Family Procedure Separation.The last one is the relationship between two trial tracks named Family Litigation and Family Non-litigation,which made three representative styles of separate legislation on family procedure in Civil Law System and result in the differentiation between their procedural structures.In the future,under the historical location of the systemic structure of family law in the Civil Code,China should choose the legislation model of Family Procedure Separation and enact the law named Special Procedure on Family Cases.The law should adopt the procedural structure which make Family Litigation and Family Non-litigation coexistent and cooperating.For this,it must accomplish a Binary Two-stage classification of family cases according to the Civil Code and establish a Two-track Four-tier system of family procedural rules.

关 键 词：民法典 家事案件 家事程序 家事诉讼 家事非讼 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]