从视网膜氧化应激与微血管改变谈糖尿病视网膜病变的发病机制和防治策略  

Discussion on the pathogenesis and prevention of diabetic retinopathy from retinal oxidative stress and microvascular changes

作　　者：万光明[1] 薛瑢 WAN Guangming;XUE Rong(Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院眼科,河南省郑州市450052

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2022年第7期505-509,共5页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:81970824);国家重点研发计划子课题(编号:2018YFA0107304)。

摘　　要：糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病患者因长期高血糖而并发的视网膜微循环障碍性眼病,随病情进展可致严重视力损害。DR作为一种病因复杂的多因素疾病,尽管发病机制尚未完全阐明,但氧化应激已被证明是其中一个关键因素。高血糖引起机体多种代谢异常相互作用,诱导视网膜活性氧过度产生、氧化应激损伤增加,导致视网膜线粒体功能障碍、微血管功能障碍、血-视网膜屏障破坏、新生血管形成等一系列病理反应,显著影响DR发生发展的各个阶段。深入研究视网膜氧化应激与微血管改变在DR发病机制中的作用将有助于为防治DR提供新的思路。Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a retinal microvascular disorder complicated by long-term hyperglycemia in diabetic patients,which can lead to severe visual impairment as the disease progresses.Although the pathogenesis of DR is complex and not yet clear,oxidative stress has been proven to be one of the critical factors.Hyperglycemia causes the interaction of multiple metabolic abnormalities,induces the excessive production of reactive oxygen species in the retina,and increases oxidative stress damage.Pathological reactions,such as retinal mitochondrial dysfunction,microvascular dysfunction,blood-retinal barrier breakdown,and neovascularization,significantly affect the development of DR at all stages.Therefore,an in-depth study on the role of retinal oxidative stress and microvascular changes in the pathogenesis of DR can help to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of DR.

关 键 词：糖尿病视网膜病变 活性氧 氧化应激 微血管改变 抗氧化剂 

分 类 号：R774.1[医药卫生—眼科]