牵引网短路故障下的车体电位及车体回流分布特性  

Train Body Potential and Body Return Current Distribution Characteristics Under Short Circuit Fault of Traction Network

作　　者：周福林[1] 陈明辉 熊进飞 马孟阳 ZHOU Fulin;CHEN Minghui;XIONG Jinfei;MA Mengyang(School of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学电气工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《高电压技术》2022年第4期1542-1552,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(VP99QT1104Y17002)。

摘　　要：牵引网发生短路故障时,短路大电流会引起列车车体电位和车体回流显著增大,进而对人身安全和车载电气设备正常工作造成威胁。为准确掌握短路工况下车体电位和车体回流的分布大小,需考虑牵引网与列车接地回路间的感性耦合。为此结合牵引供电系统分析和工程电磁场理论,推导了接地回路中传导电流及感应电流的相量表达式,从理论上证明了考虑感性耦合会增大车体电位及车体回流。利用建立的车–网–地耦合模型,进行仿真计算并与实测数据对比,得出:考虑感性耦合下的车体对轴端电位差仿真值比实测值小1.04 V,误差为8.9%;不考虑感性耦合下的仿真值比实测值小6.30V,误差为54.0%,验证了理论分析的正确性。最后利用考虑感性耦合的仿真模型进行车体电位及车体回流分布特性的研究,结果表明:车体对轴端电位差主要受短路点位置和列车位置的影响;车体对地电位主要受钢轨泄漏电阻的影响;车体回流主要受车体对轴端等效电阻的影响。When a short-circuit fault occurs in the traction network,the short-circuit will cause a significant increase in the train body potential and return current,which will threaten the personal safety and normal operation of on-board electrical equipment.In order to accurately grasp the distribution of train body potential and return current under short-circuit conditions,it is necessary to consider the inductive coupling between the traction network and the train ground loop.Based on the analysis of traction power supply system and engineering electromagnetic field theory,this paper derives the phasor expressions of conduction current and induced current in the ground loop,and theoretically proves that considering inductive coupling will increase the body potential and return of the body.The established train-network-ground coupling model is adopted to perform the the simulation calculation and the comparison with the measured data,and the results show that the simulation value of the train body to wheel potential difference considering the inductive coupling is 1.04 V smaller than the measured value,and the error is 8.9%.The simulated value under inductive coupling is 6.30 V smaller than the measured value,and the error is 54.0%,which verifies the correctness of the theoretical analysis.Finally,a simulation model considering inductive coupling is used to study the train body potential and body return distribution characteristics.The results show that the potential difference between the train body and the wheel is mainly affected by the position of the short-circuit point and the train position,the ground potential of the car body is mainly affected by the rail leakage resistance,and the train body return is mainly affected by the equivalent resistance of the train body to the wheel.

关 键 词：牵引网短路 车体电位 车体回流 感性耦合 车–网–地耦合模型 

分 类 号：U226[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U279[机械工程—车辆工程]