明清社会性别制度对女性诉讼的限制与阻碍  

On the Restriction and Hindrance of Gender System to Women's Lawsuit in Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：李相森[1] LI Xiang-sen(School of Law,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 211815,China)

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学法学院,南京211815

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期67-74,共8页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：司法部2017年度国家法治与法学理论研究青年项目“性别视野下明清女性诉讼行为研究”(17SFB3007)。

摘　　要：传统中国社会建构了以男权为中心的性别制度。明清时期,男权性别制度发展到顶峰,女性遭遇了前所未有的人身束缚和性别压迫,女性参与诉讼受到重重限制和阻碍。男尊女卑的社会性别秩序决定了女性在人格上从属于男性,女性的诉讼权利是有限的、不完整的。“男主外,女主内”的性别分工和空间区隔不鼓励女性走出家之“内”而参与诉讼这种家“外”之事。在“严男女之大防”的性别观念下,女性外出参讼,置身于陌生男性之间,面临着严重的贞节风险。男权社会对女性忠贞、敬顺的角色期待,也不允许女性抛头露面参与诉讼。明清社会性别制度对女性诉讼的限制和阻碍是男权社会压迫女性的一个缩影,强化并固化了女性的弱势地位。Traditional Chinese society has constructed a male centered gender system.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the patriarchal gender system developed to the peak,women encountered unprecedented personal constraints and gender oppression,and women's participation in litigation was heavily restricted and hindered.The social gender order that men are superior to women determines that women are subordinate to men in personality.Women's litigation rights are limited and incomplete.The division of labor and the space division of“male dominating the outside and female dominating the inside”do not encourage women to go out of the“inside”and participate in litigation.Under the gender concept of“strict prevention between men and women”,if women go out to participate in lawsuits and they are among strange men,they are exposed to serious chastity risk.In the patriarchal society,women are expected to be loyal and obedient,and women are not allowed to participate in litigation in public.The restriction and obstruction of women's litigation by gender system in Ming and Qing Dynasties is a miniature of the oppression of women in male dominated society,which strengthens and solidifies women's weak position.

关 键 词：明清时期 性别制度 诉讼权利 男权 女性 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]