不同产地羊草蛋白质和氨基酸瘤胃降解特性及小肠消化率评定研究  

Degradation characteristics of crude protein andamino acids in the rumen and small intestinal digestibility of Leymus chinensis from different habitats

作　　者：王丽娟[1] 张永根[2] WANG Lijuan;ZHANG Yonggen(College of Agriculture,Eastern Liaoning University,Dandong 118001,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]辽东学院农学院,辽宁丹东118001 [2]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2022年第7期35-42,共8页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家现代农业奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-36)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同产地羊草营养成分、奶牛瘤胃降解特性及瘤胃非降解蛋白小肠消化率,选用生理阶段相同的3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管和十二指肠瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛,采用尼龙袋法评定安达地区(Ⅰ)、大庆地区(Ⅱ)、肇东地区(Ⅲ)和齐齐哈尔地区(Ⅳ)4个产地羊草干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)和总氨基酸(TAA)72 h瘤胃降解特性及小肠消化率。结果发现:不同产地羊草营养成分不同,地区Ⅰ的CP显著高于其他3个地区(P<0.05),地区Ⅱ的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)显著低于其他3个地区(P<0.05);地区Ⅲ的DM有效降解率显著高于其他3个地区(P<0.05),地区Ⅰ最低;地区Ⅰ和Ⅱ的CP有效降解率显著高于地区Ⅲ和Ⅳ(P<0.05),地区Ⅱ的TAA有效降解率显著高于地区Ⅳ(P<0.05);地区Ⅱ和Ⅳ的DM小肠消化率显著高于地区Ⅲ和Ⅰ(P<0.05),地区Ⅰ和Ⅲ的CP小肠消化率显著高于Ⅱ和Ⅳ(P<0.05),TAA、必需氨基酸(EAA)、非必需氨基酸(NEAA)小肠消化率在地区Ⅲ最高,不同氨基酸小肠消化率各地区也不相同。综上,不同产地羊草营养成分不同,地区Ⅰ的羊草CP含量较高;不同产地羊草瘤胃降解特性不同,DM降解率越高则CP降解率就越低,地区Ⅰ的CP有效降解率、地区Ⅲ的DM有效降解率为4个地区最高;不同产地羊草为小肠提供的各种可吸收氨基酸潜力也不同。This study was to investigate the nutritional components of Leymus chinensis, its rumen degradation characteristics and its rumen non-degradable protein in small intestinal digestibility for dairy cows in different habitats. Three Holstein cows with permanent rumen fistula and duodenal fistula in the same physiological stage were selected to evaluate the rumen degradation characteristics and apparent small intestinal digestibility of Leymus chinensis in terms of DM, CP and TAA for 72 h in four areas of Northeast China using the nylon bag method. The results were as follows: The nutritional components of Leymus chinensis from different habitats were varied, the CP in Leymus chinensis from the Anda area was significantly higher than that from the other three areas(P<0.05), and the NDF in the forage grass from the Daqing area was significantly lower than that from the other three areas(P<0.05);the rumen degradation rates of DM in the grass from low to high levels were in the following order: the Anda area, the Daqing area, the Zhaodong area and the Qiqihar area;the rumen degradation rates of CP and TAA in the grass from low to high levels were in the following order: the grass from the Qiqihar area, the Zhaodong area, the Daqing area, and the Anda area. The effective degradation rate of DM in the grass from the Zhaodong area was significantly higher than that in the other three areas(P<0.05), and that in the grass form the Anda area was the lowest. The effective degradation rate of CP in the grass from the Anda and Daqing areas was significantly higher than in that from the Zhaodong and Qiqihar areas(P<0.05), and that of TAA in the grass from the Daqing area was significantly higher than that from the Qiqihar area( P< 0. 05). The effective degradation rate of DM in the grass from the Zhaodong area was significantly higher than that in the grass from the other three areas( P<0. 05),and that in the grass from the Anda and Daqing areas was the lowest. The intestinal digestibility of DM in the grass from the Zhaodong an

关 键 词：羊草 蛋白质 氨基酸 瘤胃降解 小肠消化率 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]