多元文化主义在处理多族群问题上的国别差异  

The National Differences of Multiculturalism in Dealingwith Multi-ethnic Issue

作　　者：农羽青 NONG Yuqing(School of International Studies/Academy of Overseas Chinese Studies,Jinan University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510630,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学国际关系学院/华侨华人研究院,广东广州510630

出　　处：《曲靖师范学院学报》2022年第4期90-97,共8页Journal of Qujing Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“‘去领土化国族建构’比较研究”(21AMZ013)。

摘　　要：多元文化主义是多族群国家处理族群文化多样性的一种方式,既尊重族群认同,也构建族群的国家认同。不同国家在差异与统一之间有不同的倾向,形成了不同的路径。美国的同化力量强大,族群文化是一种个人选择,偏向软多元文化主义。加拿大是第一个实行多元文化主义的国家,尊重文化差异,重视少数族裔的需求,偏向硬多元文化主义。澳大利亚将文化权利视为公民权利的一部分,在特殊与普遍之间进行了调和,有自由多元文化主义的色彩。基于国情和族群特点不同国家对多元文化主义进行灵活运用,形成了独特的族群文化处理模式。Multiculturalism is a way for multi-ethnic countries to deal with cultural diversity,respects ethnic identity and construct ethnic national identity.Different countries have different inclinations between difference and unity and choose different paths of multiculturalism.The assimilation power of the United States is strong.Ethnic culture is more of an individual choice,close to soft multiculturalism.Canada is the first country to implement multiculturalism.It respects cultural differences,attaches importance to the protection of ethnic minorities,and close to hard multiculturalism.Australia regards cultural rights as a part of civil rights,reconciling particularity and universality,close to liberal multiculturalism.Based on national conditions and ethnic characteristics,different countries apply multiculturalism flexibly,forming the unique modes to deal with ethnic cultures.

关 键 词：多元文化主义 族群文化政策 族群认同 国家认同 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]