新型冠状病毒突变及其检测技术研究进展  

Research progress in 2019 novel coronavirus mutation and its detection technology

作　　者：姜博 叶尔林·阿斯哈尔 刘隽雯 李欢 沈皖珠 王瑞丽 郝荣章 Jiang Bo;Yeerlin·Asihaer;Liu Junwen;Li Huan;Shen Wanzhu;Wang Ruili;Hao Rongzhang(Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China;Beijing Polytechnic,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [2]中国医科大学药学院,沈阳110122 [3]北京电子科技职业学院,北京100176

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2022年第3期354-360,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(2022-2G-4263)。

摘　　要：新型冠状病毒(2019 novel coronavirus,2019-nCoV)突变频发,当前以omicron为代表的2019-nCoV变异株显著增强了病毒的传播力,大幅增加了疫情防控难度。为有效应对新型冠状病毒肺炎(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情,亟需研发针对2019-nCoV突变株的精准、灵敏或现场适用的多样化检测技术。本文介绍了2019-nCoV几种重要突变体的特性和危害,综述了主要的检测技术,着重描述不同方法在突变检测方面的应用,并分析讨论了各种检测技术的优缺点。除了核酸和免疫学等传统检测技术,本文还探讨了建立2019-nCoV突变株亲和力等表型相关检测方法的重要性,对于准确发现和分析2019-nCoV突变株的传染性、致病性等重要指标,提高疫情筛查效率和防控治疗针对性具有参考意义。At present,2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)mutations occur frequently,and the current mutation,represented by omicron,has significantly enhanced its transmission and greatly increased the difficulty of prevention and control of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19).In order to effectively deal with the epidemic situation of COVID-19,it is urgent to develop accurate,sensitive and field-applicable diversified detection techniques for the mutants.In this review,we introduce the current technical method for 2019-nCoV detection,focus on the application of different method in mutation detection,and analyze their advantages and disadvantages.In addition to the traditional detection techniques such as nucleic acid and immunity,we also discuss the importance of establishing phenotypic correlation detection method such as affinity of 2019-nCoV mutants.It is meaningful for accurately detecting and analyzing the important indexes such as infectivity and pathogenicity of the mutant,as well as for improving the efficiency of epidemic screening and its treatment.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 新型冠状病毒 突变 表型 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R446[医药卫生—内科学]